Karteikarten
Particles Key Definitions & Formulas
Karten in diesem Stapel (40)
- 1Define specific chargeRatio of charge to mass for a nucleus/ion
- 2Give the formula for specific charge including units
- 3What is the strong nuclear force?An attractive force to balance the electrostatic force in the nucleus to prevent protons repelling
- 4What is radioactive decay?Radiation emitted by unstable nuclei when the strong nuclear force isn't strong enough
- 5What does alpha decay produce?alpha particle
new daughter nucleus - 6What does beta minus decay produce?antineutrino
beta particle (electron)
new daughter nucleus - 7What does beta plus decay produce?neutrino
beta plus particle (positron)
new daughter nucleus - 8Define gamma decaySurplus energy after alpha or beta decay given off as electromagnetic radiation
- 9Define isotopedifferent form of same element
same proton number
different neutron number - 10Define atomparticle made up of protons and neutrons in a central nucleus, with orbiting electrons
- 11Define nucleonparticle in the nucleus (proton or neutron)
- 12Define ionparticle that has become charged by losing or gaining electrons
- 13Define relative chargea particle's charge in relation to the charge of an electron
- 14Define mass numbernumber of nucleons an atom has
- 15Define atomic numbernumber of protons an atom has
- 16Give the formula relating mass and energy
- 17Define rest massMass when not moving
- 18Define rest energyMinimum energy
- 19How does a particle compare with its antiparticle?same mass
same rest energy
opposite charge - 20What is a photon?Discrete packets or quanta of electromagnetic waves
- 21Give the range of visible light.
- 22What is annihilation?Occurs when a particle and its antiparticle meet and their mass converts to energy in the form of 2 photons
- 23What is pair production?A process where a photon has enough energy to produce a particle and its antiparticle
- 24What is a fundamental force?A force that can't be explained in terms of the action of other forces
- 25What is the strong force felt by and what is the exchange particle?felt by quarks
ep = gluons - 26What is the weak force felt by and what is the exchange particle?felt by all particles
ep = W or Z bosons - 27What is the electromagnetic force felt by and what is the exchange particle?felt by all charged particles
ep = virtual photon - 28What is the gravitational force felt by and what is the exchange particle?felt by all particles with mass
ep = graviton - 29What are the 4 categories of sub-atomic particles?
- 30What force do hadrons feel?Strong force
- 31What are hadrons made up of?Quarks
- 32What are leptons made up of?Nothing - fundamental particles
- 33What force do leptons feel?Weak force
- 34What are baryons made up of?3 quarks or 3 antiquarks
- 35What are mesons made up of?1 quark and 1 antiquark
- 36Why are strange particles strange?Made through strong force
Decay through weak force - 37How are mesons produced and detected?produced in cosmic ray showers
detected using a cloud chamber - 38What aspects are conserved in every interaction?Energy + Mass
Momentum
Charge
Baryon number
Lepton number
Strangeness (only if strong) - 39How do we know if an interaction is strong or weak?Leptons involved = weak
Quark changes character = weak
strangeness not conserved = weak - 40How are particles and exchange particles shown in a feynmann diagram?particles = straight lines with arrows
exchange particles = wiggly lines
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- A level A Level Physics Karteikarten am Particles Key Definitions & Formulas, erstellt von Charlotte Buckley am 13/03/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Charlotte Buckley
- Aufrufe
- 0
- Bewertung