Flashcards
Physics basics - MATTER
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1Define scalarhas Magnitude (can be measured)
eg time,
distance,
temperature - 2Describe a Vectorhas Magnitude
AND
Direction - 3What is an exponent?a symbol that is written above and to the right of a number to show how many times the number is to be multiplied by ITSELF
- 4Maths Precedence (BoDMAS)B ~ Bracket
O ~ Order
D ~ Divide
M ~ Multiply
A ~ Add
S ~ Subtract - 5What is a logarithm?a number that shows how many times a base number (such as ten) is multiplied by itself to produce a third number (such as 100)
- 6MATTER - Macroscopic (ie can be seen with the naked eye) name the typesMATTER is the stuff everything is made of.
Matter has Mass, Volume and takes up space (Density)
There are 4 phases (states) of matter.
1) Solid 2) Liquid 3) Gas 4) Plasma - 7MATTER - Microscopic examples (ie needs magnifying) (on an atomic / molecular scale)Atoms, electrons, protons, neutrons, quarks, etc
- 8Define energy Give examplesEnergy is
What makes things move and change
eg Chemical, mechanical, nuclear, etc - 9How is energy transferred?Energy transferred between objects:
work done ( force x distance )
or as heat - 10What can energy be stored in?Energy is stored in objects:
eg mechanical, nuclear, chemical, etc - 11Describe PHASE changesHeat + SOLID = melt. Turns into a LIQUID.
Heat + LIQUID = boil. Turns into a GAS.
Heat + GAS = ionise electrons. Turns into a PLASMA - 123x Properties of a SOLID (Macroscopic)MACROscopic scale
~ retains shape without the help of a
container.
~ has a surface
~ can be crystalline, amorphous
or composite. - 13Properties of a SOLID (Microscopic)MICROscopic scale
~ atoms are bound together in
a fixed position relative to
each other, and vibrate
about a mean position - 143x Properties of a LIQUID (Macroscopic)macroscopic scale
~ flows to fill the
container, regardless
of the shape.
~ retains its volume.
~ has a surface - 15Properties of a LIQUID (Microscopic)microscopic scale
~ atoms interact more weakly
than in a solid, and can move
about at random within the
liquid. - 16Properties of a gas (Macro)macroscopic scale
~ flows to fill the container,
assuming both its the shape
and the volume - 17Properties of a gas (Micro)microscopic scale
~ atoms in a gas interact
very weakly and tend to
disperse. - 18What is required to change a PHASEChanging from one phase to another requires energy, called
LATENT HEAT - 19Define an ELEMENTsubstance consisting of only 1 kind of atom
~ 92 naturally occurring elements
~Each given its own symbol eg C, O, Au,…
~ Cannot be broken down by chemical methods - 20ATOMSsmallest particle of element that is still characteristic of that element
- 21What is inside an ATOMAtom =
positive nucleus & negative electrons
Nucleus =
positive protons and neutral neutrons - 22What is an ISOTOPEISOTOPES are slightly different versions of the same element
~They have the SAME number of protons but DIFFERENT numbers of neutrons
~ Often unstable (ie radioactive) - 23Chemical properties of an ISOTOPE Same or different?Chemical Properties of most isotopes are the SAME (or very similar).
~ because chemical reactions generally involve electrons rather than protons or neutrons. - 24Physical properties of an ISOTOPE Same or different?Physical Properties are DIFFERENT because the atomic masses differ.
~ This affects physical properties such as densities and temperatures of changes of state e.g. boiling points and melting points.
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- undergrad Science Flashcards on Physics basics - MATTER, created by ecomumsie on 30/04/2016.
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