Ionic Bonding:)

Ions are charged particles

When atoms gain/lose electrons, all they're trying to do is gain a full outer shell.

Metals lose electrons to form positive ions

Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions

The number of electrons lost/gained is the same as the charge on the ion

Group 1 and 2

elements are

metals.

They lose electrons

to form positive

ions

Cations

Group 6 and 7

elements are non-

metals

They gain electrons

to form negative

ions

Anions

Group 1 elements form

1+ ions, because they

have 1 electron in their outer shell

Group 2 elements form 2+

ions, because they have

2 electrons in their outer shell

Group 6 elements from 2-

ions

Group 7 elements form

1- ions

As you go down each group, you add electron

shells, so the outer electrons get further from the nucleus

As you do down, the outer electrons get further from

the nucleus

For Groups 1 and 2, this

means it gets easier to remove the outer electrons so its more reactive as you go down the group

For Groups 6 and 7, it gets harder for the nucleus to attract extra electrons to form ions, so the elements get less reactive as you go down the group.

When a metal and non metal react together, the metal loses electrons to form a positively charged ion and the non mental gain electrons to form a negatively charged ion

These oppositely charged ions are then strongly attracted to one another by electrostatic forces and from an ionic bond

They are held together by electrostatic froces

The oppositely charged particles

have to BALANCE

You can show Ionic bonding using Dot and Cross Diagrams