VERTEBRATES

VERTEBRATES

1. FISH

   • a long body covered with scales
   • They breathe with their gills
   • They swim with their fins
   • oviparous
   • carnivorous, herbivores and omnivores
   • Types
     • Bony fish
       • made up of rigid bones
     • Cartilaginous
       • made up of soft and flexible cartilage

2. AMPHIBIANS

   • Young: aquatic animals (they breathe with gills)
   • Adults: they breathe with their lungs and thin smooth skin
     • lungs + cutaneous respiration
   • oviparous - young: tadpoles
   • Tadpoles (metamorphosis) : a tail to swim - they grow two back legs - two front leg - lose their tail
   • carnivores
   • Types
     • Frogs and toads
       • no tail/ long back legs/ short bodies
     • Salamanders and newts
       • a tail/ short legs/ long and thin bodies

3. REPTILES

   • skin covered with hard scales
   • they breathe with lungs
   • slither/crawl
   • oviparous (on land)
   • carnivores and herbivores
   • Types
     • Lizards
       • a long thin body/ a long tail/ 4 legs/ four feet with five toes
     • Snakes
       • a very long body/ any limbs/ slither over the ground
     • Turtles
       • a hard shell/ four legs or fins/ any teeth/ a hard beak
     • Crocodiles
       • a long and flat body/ 4 legs/ a long strong tail (swim)/ a big mouth (sharp teeth)

4. BIRDS

   • 2 wings/ feathers/ two feet
   • Types
     • Flightless
     • Flying
   • lungs to breathe
   • oviparous: incubate their eggs
   • herbivorous, granivorous, insectivorous, carnivorous or omnivorous

5. MAMMALS

   • Types
     • terrestrial
     • aquatic
     • Types
       • Placental
         • They give birth to live young when they're fully developed
       • Marsupials
         • They give birth to live young when they're not fully developed, so they grow up in a pouch
       • Monotremes
         • They lay eggs
   • Carnivores, herbivores, insectivorous and omnivorous
   • Most of them have 4 legs, legs and arms, fins
     • fur and a tail
   • Most of them are viviparous (mammary glands)