P1a Topic 1

P1a Topic 1

1. waves

   • equations
     • speed = frequency x wavelength
     • wave speed = distance / time
   • wavelength
     • distance between the peaks
   • frequency
     • how many complete waves
   • amplitude
     • hight of wave, mid-line to peak
   • speed
     • how fast its going
   • tansverse
     • light and all other EM wanves
     • S-waves
     • e.g. ripples on water
   • longitudinal
     • sound and ultrasound
     • P-waves
     • e.g. slinky

2. lenses

   • converging
     • used to focus light
     • convex (bulges outwards)
   • diagrams

3. reflection and refraction

   • reflection
     • light is reflected because of the change indesity
     • angle of reflection = angle of incidense
   • refraction
     • light speeds up or down according to the density of the material

4. telescopes

   • refracting
     • uses to converging lenses
   • reflecting
     • uses 1 concave and one converging

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