Atoms

Atoms

1. Protons

   • Charge of +1
   • Relative mass of 1
   • Inside nucleus with neutrons
   • Number of Protons are equal to the atomic number of elements

2. Neutrons

   • Neutral charge of 0
   • Atomic mass of +1
   • Inside nucleus of atom with protons
   • Number of neutrons equal to the atomic number (proton number) of an element subtracted from its atomic mass

3. Electrons

   • Number of electrons is equal to the number of protons (atomic number) in an element
   • Negative charge of -1
   • Atomic mass of almost 0
   • Orbiting nucleus of an atom on electron shells
   • Shell 1 = 2 atoms Shell 2 = 8 atoms Shell 3 = 8 atoms Shell 4 = 18 atoms
     • Shell 4 has Higher energy
     • Shell 1 has lower energy

4. Atoms are neutral so they contain the same number of protons as electrons which are oppositely charged e.g. Atom = Carbon No of protons=6, neturons=6, electrons = 6, overall charge = 0