Network

Network

1. bus topology

   • advantages
     • cheap
     • Easy to install
     • No extra equipment required
   • disadvantage
     • High chance of collision
     • More computers mean more collision
     • Damage to wire results in catastrpohic failure
     • Only suitable for small network

2. ring network

   • advantages
     • No collosions,
     • Number of computers doesnt affectspeed
   • disadvantages
     • One faulty cable results in catastrophic failure
     • hard to add new computers

3. star Network

   • advantages
     • no collisions
     • failure of a computer or cable doesn't result in catastrophic failure
     • easy to add new computers
   • disadvantages
     • Expensive (requires hub/switch and lots of cables
     • failure of hub/switch is catastrophic failure and very expensive repair

4. Mesh topology

   • advantages
     • zero chance of catastrophic failure
     • multiple transmissions can happen simultaneously
   • disadvantages
     • redundancy- Lots of unecesary connections
     • Expensive
     • difficult to maintain and administrate

5. Circuit Switching

   • Advantages
     • Data arrives in the order it was sent
     • Data arrives at a constant speed
     • Can start reading transmissions as soon as first bit arrives
   • disadvantage
     • Only one transmission at a time along each channel

6. Packet switching

   • advantages
     • multiple transmissions can happen simultaneously
     • Large transmissions don't clog the network
   • disadvantages
     • Lag (delay) is needed to allow several packets to arrive before reading
     • The first packet sent isnt the first packet that can be read

7. protocal

   • TCP/IP stack
     • Application layer
       • Trasnport layer
         • Networl layer
           • Data link layer
             • Physical layer
               • Transmits and recieves bits
             • Prepares and corrects data to be passed to the physical layer
           • Provides network addresing and routing (ip addresses)
         • Handles data-consistency functons (error checking)
       • provides application services to users and programs
     • Each layer performs its own protocal acton. Then passes data to the nxt layer

8. IP addresses and DNS

   • IP Addresses
     • IP (internet protocal)addresses are the unique