Transition Elements

Transition Elements

1. d-block elements

   • Electrons are filling d orbitals
   • Highest energy sub shell is a d sub-shell

2. A d-block element that forms an ion with an incomplete d sub shell.

   • Scandium and Zinc are not classed as transition metals; as they have completely empty and completely full sub shells respectively. 

3. Electron Configurations

   • The arrangement of the electrons in an atom.
   • S:2, P:6, D:10, F:14
   • Follow the same pattern except chromium and copper
     • Chromium: 3d & 4s orbitals all contain one electron
     • Copper: 3d orbital full, but only 1 electron in 4s
     • Electron repulsions between outer electrons is minimised

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