Microprocessors

Microprocessors

1. It is called a microprocessor or simply a processor to the central integrated circle of a computer system, where logical and arithmetic operations are carried out to allow the execution of programs from the operating system to the application software

   • Características del microprocesador
     • The microprocessors resemble a small miniature digital computer so it presents its own architecture and performs operations under a control program
       • Encapsulated
         • It is a ceramic covering that covers the silicon and protects it from the elements such as oxygen in the air.
       • math coprocessor
         • This is called the floating point unit, it is the portion of the processor that is responsible for logical and formal operations
       • Cache
         • Es un tipo de memoria ultrarrápida disponible para el procesador de modo que no emplee memoria RAM sino cuando sea necesario, ya que en los varios niveles de la memoria cache se guardan datos en uso para su recuperación inmediata
       • Registration
         • This is a short memory that works in the processor, designed to keep track of its own operation and conditions.
       • ports
         • Drivers that allow the processor to communicate information with the rest of the system components
   • What is a microprocessor for?
     • Los microprocesadores son el cerebro del computador su centro lógico de operaciones aritméticas y lógicas, adonde van a ejecutar todos los programas tanto los propios del sistema operativo, como las aplicaciones ejecutadas por el usuario
       • Prefetch
       • fetch
       • execution
       • decoding
       • writing
   • microprocessor clock speed and bus speed
     • The bus speed is the maximum speed with which the data processed in the microprocessor is transferred to other peripherals such as memory.
       • Clock speed refers to the speed of the microprocessor. For example, to process an instruction, say something, a multiplication, let's say that microprocessor requires 5 clock cycles. Then once it has been processed, the data is sent through the bus, to be stored in RAM. But one thing is how fast those clock cycles are performed and another is how fast they are sent to memory.
   • process
     • The user enters the data, which is sent to the pre-search unit of the microprocessor. The unit determines what type of action is being ordered and assigns it to an action type pre-established. The data and the type are sent to the decoding unit which converts the instructions to binary code. The binary code is sent to the ALU unit, which converts each bit of data in a command. Commands are sent to RAM or ROM, depending on the type of function. Commands are accessed by the control unit via RAM / ROM and executed
       • microprocessor history
         • he first microprocessor was Intel Corporation's Intel 4004, produced in 1971. ... The first truly general-purpose microprocessor, developed in 1974, was the 8-bit Intel 8080, which contained 4,500 transistors and could execute 200,000 instructions per second working at around 2 MHz.
   • Refrigeration system..
     • Temperature can make a device unstable, which means it can make data processing mistakes. For example, on days 386 and 486, a small heat sink was sufficient as the temperature was not excessive. But today, due to the millions of transistors inside a microphone and the speed at which they work, they get very hot, forcing us to look for other more efficient means of cooling.

2. References

   • Sonenclar, R. (1985, Mar). Betting on the microprocessors. Financial World, 154, 33. Retrieved from https://search-proquestcom.ezproxy.uniminuto.edu/docview/225626461?accountid=48797
     • Microprocessors that run boilers better. (1979, Aug). Bloomberg Businessweek, Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.uniminuto.edu/docview/236623566?accountid=48797

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