French Revolution

French Revolution

1. What is it?

   • It´s a civil revolution that started in France in 1789. it marked the start of the Modern Age and the end of the Ancièn Regime. New habits and costums were introduced. Slogan: Liberté,egalité, fraternité

2. Causes

   • Political crisis
     • -1st state and 2nd state with 300 representatives each and one vote each state. -3rd state-600 representatives. One vote -Absolute king.
   • Social Crisis
     • -Nobility: Development wit  -Taxes refused -irresponsible aristocracy: legacy of Louis XVI -Middle class: Development with lacked political power. -Large gap between rich and poor -Peasantry.Lack of food
   • Economic crisis
     • -Refusal of privilaged aristocracy to shoulder a share of the financial burden. -Bankrupcy due to military conflicts. -Solution: raising taxes.
   • Depression
     • -Shortages of food -Soaring food prices. -Unemployment -Over population in Paris.

3. Phases

   • 1st: Moderate phase
     • .1789-1792.
     • Constituent Assembly
       • -Flight to Varennes.  -Riots: Bastille an later in the countryside (Grand Peur) -Reforms . Declaration of the Rights of the Man and the Citizen. civil constitution of the clergy. -Limited male suffrage.
     • National Aseembly
       • -Cahiers of doleance -Grievances: financial problems. social inequality and feudal rights. -Problems in voting system -Tennis Court Oath.
     • Legislative Assembly
       • Girondins and Jacobins. -Internal probblems: nobility discontent and non jurors also fought. -External problems: Prusia declared war to France  -April 1792  -Valmy, great victory. -Attack to Tuileries.
     • National Convention
       • -Replaced the Assembly. 
   • 2nd. Radical phase
     • From 1792 to 1795. -Girondist convention: Republican proclamation Louis acused of treason international coalition Jacobin Convention: 12 members lead by Robespierre "terror" dictatorship New laws: universal suffrage and control of prices. In 1794 Robespierre was removed from power.
   • 3rd. Counter Revolution Phase
     • From 1795 to 1815
     • The Directory & the Consulate
       • - Moderate middle class gained control of France -Directory more conservative -Napoleon staged a Coup d'état and installed a Consulate. -1802 First consul for life -1804 Emperor -New civil code: Marriage, adoption and divorce. -Financial reforms -Peace withe Church and Concordat signed. -Expansion of the Empire imposed by Enlightenment ideas and abolsihed abs.monarchy -Victory against  all European powers except Great Britain. -In 1812 Napoleon's power declined -In 1815 defeated in Waterloo: back to abs. monarchies.

4. (Interesting song about FR)

   • Write on youtube  French Revolution By Jeff Lewis.

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