Separation methods

Separation methods

1. By filtering

   • By using a Flask a filter funnel and filter paper one traps the residue which is separated by the filtrate
   • used for separating solids in solutions

2. By cristilisation

   • To obtain solids from solutions
   • Works because soluble solids become less soluble at lower temperatures
   • HOW DOES IT WORK
     • Heat solution to make it more concentrated
       • After it becomes saturated - cool the solution for the forming of crystals
         • Then after waiting seperate the crystals by filteration

3. By evaporation

   • for substances with little changes in solubility over temperature changes
   • Heat solution until aqueous solution evaporates and solid dries

4. By distillation

   • Simple distillation
     • Used to obtain a solvent from a solution
     • By heating
   • Fractional distillation
     • Used to separate a mixture of liquids from one another
     • by heating and converting vapour back into liquid

5. By paper chromatography

   • used to separate a mixture of substances
   • Ex. using dyes different solubilities one can separate the colours in an ink pen

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