Programming

Programming

1. Control flow

   • Iteration
     • Loops
       • WHILE or FOR
   • Selection
     • IF THEN ELSE
   • Sequence
     • The order though an algorithm

2. Translation

   • Interpreter
     • Would be used on open source software
     • Used when creating a program
     • Executes the source code directly
   • Compiler
     • Would be use for proprietary software
     • Once it is compiled it does not need the original source code
     • Creates an executable file to run the program
   • Assembler
     • Turns assembly language into machine code
     • Can only be used in low level programming

3. High level / Low level programming

   • High level has to be translated
     • Uses languages that is easier to understand by humans
     • Has to be translated
     • e.g Python, BASIC, javascript
   • Low level is understood by the processor
     • Machine code
       • Binary codes for each instruction and register location
     • Assembly language
       • Code specific to a type of processor
       • e.g INP, LDA, OUT
       • Written as each instruction would be proccesed

4. Pseudocode

   • Used for planning algorithms
   • Key words written in capital letters (e.g INPUT, IF, WHILE)
   • Should allow a programmer to write it in any language

5. Alogrithms

   • Solving problems 1 step at a time
   • Mainly expressed as a flow chart
     • Make sur you know the symbols
   • Processors can only process 1 instruction at a time

6. Data type

   • operators are mathematical symbols e.g < > + -
   • Variables or constant
     • Variables change during the program e.g score during the game
     • Constantly stays the same
   • Arrays are lists of the same data types
   • Integers and real numbers
     • Integer is a whole number
     • Real can have decimal places

7. Testing

   • Logic error
     • Human error with the construction of the algorithm
   • Run-time error
     • A error in the program e.g stuck in a loop
   • Syntax error
     • Not a correct command for the coding language being used