Atomic Structure Review

Atomic Structure Review

1. Models of the atom

   • Hard invisible sphere
   • Solid sphere with + or - uniformly distributed
   • Nuclear atom
     • Nucleus
       • Contains almost all mass.
       • Nucleons
         • Protons +
         • neutrons (neutral/no charge)
       • Nuclear charge is +
         • Same as # of protons
   • Orbital atom
   • Wave mechanical model
     • TODAY'S MODEL
       • Electron cloud model
       • Mathematical model
       • Electrons are in orbitals
       • Regions of high probability of finding an electron.

2. Using cathode ray tubes, the existence of e- in atoms were discovered.

3. Gold Foil Experiment

   • Alpha particles (+) bombarded gold foil.
   • Most particles went straight through.
   • Conclusion
     • Atom is mostly empty space.
     • Atom has a + center/space
   • Few particles bounced back.