B2: Microbes

B2: Microbes

1. Defence against microbes

   • Physical Barriers
     • Skin
       • Forms scabs
     • Cilia
       • Brush out microbes from respiratory system
     • Mucus
       • Traps microbes
   • Chemical Defence
     • Lysozymes
       • In tears
     • Hydrochloric Acid
       • In stomach
   • Plants produced
     • Antiseptics
       • Tea tree oil Witch Hazel Aloe Vera
     • Antibiotics
     • Anti fungal
   • Alexander Fleming
     • Discovered Penicillin.  E coli or bacterial culture in petri dish, samples of antibiotics on paper slips. Zone of inhibition around each antibiotic types shows the most effective one for that strain of bacteria. 

2. 4 Types of Pathogen/Infection

   • Fungi
   • Bacteria
   • Viruses
     • Microbes Reproduces by hijacking other cells and reprogramming it to become a virus
   • Protoctists
     • Microbes Tend to be found in water

3. Bacterial Diseases

   • Method of Transmission
     • Air
       • Explanation: cough/sneeze Example: influenza Type: virus
     • Touch
       • Explanation: direct or indirect Example: athlete's foot Type: fungus
     • Water
       • Explanation: drinking infected Example: cholera Type: bacteria
     • Food
       • Explanation: eating contaminated Example: salmonella/e-coli Type: bacteria
     • Animal Vectors
       • Explanation: pathogen carried by an animal Example: Malaria (Anopheles Mosquito) Dysentery (House Flys)Type: Protozoa Bacteria
     • Bodily Fluids
       • Explanation: sexual contact or sharing needles Example: HIV Type: virus