Volcanoes

Volcanoes

1. Location

   • Constructive Plates Boundaries
     • Mid-Atlantic Ridges
   • Destructive Plates Boundaries
     • Subduction Zones
   • Hotspots

2. Life Cycle

   • Active Volcano
   • Dormant Volcano
   • Extinct Volcano

3. Products of volcanic eruptions

   • Lava
     • Acid Lava
     • Basic Lava
   • Pyroclasts
   • Pyroclastics Flows
   • Poisonous Gases
   • Ash, pumice + dust
     • Tephra
   • Water Vapour

4. Lavars

   • Mixture of water and rock fragments flowing down the slope
   • Nevado del Ruiz, Columbia

5. External Landforms

   • Volcanic Cones
   • Shield Volcanoes
   • Volcanic Domes
   • Craters
   • Volcanic Plugs

6. Positive Effects

   • Fertile Soil - Terra Rossa
   • New land is created
   • Geothermal energy
   • Tourism

7. Negative effects

   • Death and destruction
   • Lahars

8. Predicting

   • History of volcanic eruptions
   • Seismic patterns
   • Gas emission

9. Examples

   • Mt. St. Helens
   • Mt. Etna

10. Great openings into the Earth's interior

11. Magma forces its way to the surface through

    • Vent
    • Fissure