Probability 1

Probability 1

1. Fundamental Principle of Counting

   • If there are m possible outcomes and a second trial has n possible outcomes then the possible oucomes are mxn

2. Fcatorial

   • 5! = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1

3. When you have n distinct items and want to arrange them r of them in order then the number of arrangements (or permutations) is defined by.

   • Such as a race for 1st, 2nd, 3rd

4. When you have n items to choose from and r spaces to choose from but the order does not matter.

   • Such as a comitiee

5. Calculating

6. Definitions

   • A trial is the act of doing an experiment in probability.
   • An outcome is the one of the possible results of the trial
   • The set or list of all possible outcomes in a trial is called the sample space.
   • An event is the occurrence of one or more specific outcomes.
   • Relative frequency is a good estimate of the true probability of an event provided that the number of trials is sufficiently large
   • Mutually exclusive is when two outcome cant happen at the same time. For example flipping a coin.

7. Conditional Probability

   • Out of a class there are 15 males, 5 of whom ware glasses. there are 10 female students 3 of whom ware glasses.
     • What is the probability that the student is female given that they ware glasses
       • • P(F|G) = 3/8

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