Computing AQA

Computing AQA

1. 3.4. Computer Systems

   • 3.4.1. Hardware and Software
     • Hardware - Physical components of the computer
     • Software - Programs and coding that's run on the computer
   • 3.4.4. Systems and Architecture
     • The CPU
       • Clock Speed - This effects the CPU as the faster the clock speed, the CPU can work faster
     • Von Neumann Architecture
       • 4 Main parts - memory, input/output, ALU and the Control Unit
         • The ALU and Control Unit are both inside the CPU
         • Instructions are executed one at a time
   • 3.4.3. Software Classification
     • The OS Operating Systems
       • The OS is used to hide all of the complicated coding so that a computer is more user friendly
       • It also manages the processors, the memory, I/O devices, applications and security
     • System Software
     • Application Software
   • 3.4.2. Boolean Logic
     • NOT Gate
     • AND Gate
     • OR Gate

2. 3.3. Data Representation

   • 3.3.1. Number Bases
     • Decimal - Base 10
       • The number system we're familiar with - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
       • Max = 1111 1111
     • Binary - Base 2
       • Represented as '0' or '1'
       • Also known as machine code
       • Max = 255
     • Hexadecimal - Base 16
       • Max = FF
       • Represented as the numbers 1 -9, then A - F
   • 3.3.2. Converting Between Number Bases
     • 1 = 0001 = 1
       • 2 = 0010 = 2
       • 5 = 0101 = 1
         • 10 = 1010 = A
           • 15 = 1111 = F
   • 3.3.3. Units of Information
     • A bit is the smallest amount of data
       • It represents either a 0 or a 1
       • A 'b' represents a bit
     • A byte is 8 bits
       • A 'B' represents a byte
     • Kilobyte - 1000 bytes
     • Megabyte - 1000 kilobytes
     • Gigabyte - 1000 Megabytes
     • Terabyte - 1000 Gigabytes
   • 3.3.4. Binary Arithmetic
     • Addition
       • 1 + 0 = 1
       • 0 + 0 = 0
       • 1 + 1 = 0 ( + 1 carried)
     • Binary Shifts
       • A left shift - moving the binary number left by the number the binary number was multiplied by
       • A right shift - moving the binary number right by the number the binary number was divided by
       • Look at the power of the 2 - base the movement off the number of the power, not the worked out number of the power and the 2

3. 3.1. Algorithms

4. 3.5. Fundamentals of Networking

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