Media Access Control

Media Access Control

1. Ethernet Frame

   • contents of a single packet of data transmitted over an Ethernet connection.
   • Contents of an Ethernet frame
     • A start frame delimiter, also known as an SFD (a one-byte value marking the end of the preamble).
     • The payload, which contains the actual data being transmitted.
     • Both the source and a destination MAC address.
     • The frame check sequence, also known as an FCS (a four-byte redundancy check used to ensure the frame data was not corrupted during transfer).
     • The preamble (a seven byte identifying pattern that devices on the network use to detect incoming frames).
     • The EtherType field (a two-byte value representing either the length of the frame or the specific protocol type).

2. PPP Frame

   • encapsulate packets of information that contain either configuration information or data.

3. Wireless Frame

   • commonly referred to as Wi-Fi
   • It is a contention-based system using a CSMA/CA media access process
   • CSMA/CA specifies a random back off procedure for all nodes that are waiting to transmit
   • The most likely opportunity for medium contention is just after the medium becomes available
   • Making the nodes back off for a random period greatly reduces the like hood of a collision

4. LAN & WAN Frame

   • LAN Frame
     • A LAN typically uses a high bandwidth technology that is capable of supporting large numbers of hosts. A LAN's relatively small geographic area (a single building or a multi-building campus) and its high density of users, make this technology cost-effective.
   • WAN Frame
     • A WAN usually not cost-effective that cover large geographic areas (cities or multiple cities, for example). The cost of the long distance physical links and the technology used to carry the signals over those distances typically results in lower bandwidth capacity.

5. Frame

   • a unit of data that help identify data packets used in networking and telecommunications structures and help to determine how data receivers interpret a stream of data from a source.

6. Header

   • a unit of information that precedes a data object.
   • part of the data packet and contains transparent information about the file or the transmission.
   • The header can be accessed only by the operating system or by specialized programs.

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