Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Lung Cancer
- Classification
- Primary tumors
- Epithelial
- Carcinoid tumors
- Bronchogenic carcinoma
- Small cell cancer
- Cells are large, with scant cytoplasm + areas of necrosis+ mitotic
figures are frequent + Molding with large nuclei
- Adenocarcinoma
- gland forming adenocarcinoma
(Acinar subtype)
- Squamous cell
carcinoma
- nests of squamous cells with
central areas of keratinization
- Large call carcinoma
- Lacks the histological features
- Non-epithelial
- Hamartoma
- disorganised mixture of
normal lung tissues
- Coin-lesion xray
- Mesenchymal
- Lymphoma
- Secondary tumors
- Causes
- Tobacco
smoking
- Industrial hazards
- radiation
- uranium
- aromatic hydrocarbon
- Asbestos
- Air pollution
- Scars
- Genetic
mutations
- RAS genes
- Epidermal growth
factor receptor
- Anaplastic lymphoma kinase
- TP53
- c-Met
receptor
- Clinical
presentation
- Cough
- Weight loss
- Chest pain
- Dyspnea
- Hemoptysis
- Other
causes
- Loss of appetite
- Obstructive symptoms
- Paraneoplastic syndrome
- Cushing's syndrome
- hyponatremia
- Hypercalcemia
- Acromegaly
- Lambert-Eaton mysthenic syndrome
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Complications
- Pleural
effusion
- Metastasis
- Compression of the
sympathetic chain
- Horner’s syndrome
- Involvement of the recurrent
laryngeal nerve
- Obstruction of the SVC
- Management
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
- Surgery
- Targeted
therapy
- Immunotherapy