Programming

Programming

1. Data

   • Data is unprocessed
   • There can be different types of data like strings, characters and floats (decimals)
   • Data type: how data is stored
   • Structure of data: how data is presented

2. Information

   • Information is processed data
   • Formula for information: date + structure + context + meaning

3. Constants

   • Temporary memory location
   • as well as variables, you can define constants in a program
   • typically shown in uppercase
   • Constants are not expected to change. It is possible to change a constant by assigning a new value to it.

4. Variable

   • A variable is a memory location that can store data that can change, to be used in a program.
   • Rules for Python variables
     • a variable name must start with a letter or an underscore
     • cannot start with a number
     • they are case sensitive
     • a variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (a-z, 0-9, _)
   • Declaring a variable
     • giving it a name and a type (string/int/char/float) In python a type is not needed.
   • Initializing a variable
     • giving it a value

5. Arithmetic operators

   • + , - , * , / for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
   • Exponent - ^ (to the power of)
   • The operator DIV is used for integer division (get rid of the decimal)
     • E.g. 17 DIV 3 = 5
   • MOD (modulus) is used to find the remainder when dividing one integer by another
     • E.g. 17 MOD 3 = 2
   • Remember to use BODMAS!

6. Inputting numeric variables

   • In Python, all input is accepted as a string
     • tickets = input("Please enter number of tickets." tickets = int(tickets)
     • tickets = int(input("Please enter number of tickets"

7. String handling functions

   • when using POSITION, start from 0
   • when using len (length), start from 1

8. ASCII

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