Structure and bonding

Compounds are substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded
Bonding
1. Ionic
  1. Atoms gain or lose electrons and become ions
    1. Atoms that lose electrons become positively charged
    2. Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged
    3. Ions have a structure of a noble gas (complete outer shell)
2. Covalent
  1. Atoms share electrons in their outer shells.
  2. When atoms share pairs of electrons. These bonds between atoms are strong.
  3. Simple covalently bonded substances are H2, Cl2, O2, HCl, H2O, NH3 and CH4
  4. Others have giant covalent structures (macromolecules), such as diamond and silicon dioxide
Elements
1. Group 1
  1. Alkali Metals
  2. All react with non-metals to form ionic compounds in which the metal has one positive charge
2. Group 7
  1. Halogens
  2. All react with alkali metals to form ionic compounds where the halide ions have a single negative charge
Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

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