Computing

Computing

1. Software

   • File Names
     • JPG
       • Joint Photographic Experts Group
     • PNG
       • Portable Network Graphics
     • GIF
       • Graphics Interchange Format
     • BMP
       • Bitmap
   • Graphics
     • Colour representation
       • 1 bit = 2 colours
       • 2 bit = 4 colours
       • 3 bit = 8 colours
       • 4 bit = 16 colours
       • 5 bit = 32 colours
       • 6 bit = 64 colours
       • 7 bit = 128 colours
       • 8 bit = 256 colours
       • In binary...
         • 00 = white 01 = grey 11 = black

2. Ethics

   • Environmental issues (good)
     • Use of emails allows for less paper to be used
     • Use of instant video reduces the need to travel
     • People can work at home-reduces commuting
     • Environmental issues (Bad)
       • Technology consumes energy
         • Smaller technologies use less energy
       • Poisonous waste affects the environment
         • Kills animals/spoils forsts
         • 20-50 million tonnes of waste e-waste is generated world wide each year
   • Data Protection
     • The Data Protection Act
       • Suppresses who has access to data

3. Hardware

   • Data Storage
     • RAM / Random Access Memory
       • RAM is a fast temporary and volitile type of memory, when the computer turns of all data is lost
       • RAM is the memory where programs, applications and data are stored
     • ROM / Read Only Memory
       • ROM is memory that cannot be changed by a user or a program
       • ROM retains its memory even when the computer is turned of
     • Size Equal to 8 bits = 1 byte 1024 bytes = 1 kilobyte 1024 kilobytes = 1 megabyte 1024 megabytes = 1 gigabyte 1024 gigabytes = 1 terabyte
     • Hard Disk
       • Stores:
         • -Operating System
         • -Software Aplications
         • Most of the users data
     • Floppy disks + Zip disks
       • IT would take roughly 11,111 floppy disks to store 16 GB of data
       • Floppy and Zip disks were used to transfer small files of data from one machine to another
       • they were also used to back up important files
   • Input, Processing and Output devices
     • Input devices allow the user to input raw data into the computer
     • Them most common output device is the moniter on desktop