Scientific Inquiry Exam #1

Scientific Inquiry Exam #1

1. The Process Cycle

   • Theory
     • Hypothesis
       • Observation
       • Testable Prediction
     • Explaination

2. Knowledge

   • Authority
   • Experience
     • Induction (Specific > General)
   • Reason
     • Deduction (General > Specific)

3. Scholar Readings

   • Popper's Empirical Falsification
   • Kuhn's Objectivity, Value Judgement and Theory Choice
     • Publicly Varifiable

4. Space

   • Slipher; Leavitt; Hubble; Lemaitre; Dickie; Penzias & Wilson
     • Star Locations; Universe Expansion; The Big Bang Catalyst; Microwaves
   • Parallax and Standard Candles

5. Research Procedure

   • Correlation; Observation; Simulation
   • Experiment
     • Manipulation of IV & Outcome of DV
       • Experiment and Control Group
     • Control constants and Confounds
       • Random Assignment and Bell Curve

6. Earth

   • Catastrophic Vs Uniformarian; Hutton; Buffon; Darwin; Lord Kelvin; W. Smith
     • Growing Mountains, Earth's Age, Heat Transfer, Strata
       • Carbon Dating of Rock Samples
   • Kepler; Halley; Newton; Hooke's Law
     • Earth's Orbit, Inverse Square Law, Elispe, Law of Motion

7. Relativity & Validity

   • Consistent
   • Accurate
     • Internal: Cause & Effect, Controlled
     • External: Conclusion is Generalized, Not Controlled
   • Random
     • Assignment: Equal Distribution, Helps with Internal Validity, Eliminate Confounds
     • Sampling: Selection of Representatives in a sample size