A2 Product Design

A2 Product Design

1. Sustainability

2. Life Cycle Analysis

   • 1. Obtaining of Raw Material
   • 3. Processing of the material
   • 4. Manufacture
   • 5. Use (Product Life)/ maintenance
   • 6. Disposal/Recycle
   • 2. Transport

3. Recycling/Disposal

4. Risk Assessment

   • Identification of risk.
   • Decide who may be harmed and how
   • Evaluate the risk and take action
   • Record findings and implement them if necessary
   • Review and update

5. Issues/Implications

   • Moral
   • Social
   • Cultural
   • Aesthetics
     • Do certain aspects of the product have the ability to offend anyone?
   • Environmental
     • Sourcing of the material
     • Transport
     • Energy Use

6. Marketing

7. Manufacturing methods

   • Wood
     • Slash Sawing/ Through & Through sawing
       • Cheap
       • Common
       • Can lead to faults
     • Quarter Sawing
       • Expensive
       • Less imperfections
       • More wasteful on the wood
   • Metal
     • Casting
       • Gravity Die Casting
       • Pressure Die Casting
       • Investment Casting
       • Sand Casting
   • Plastic
     • Injection moulding
     • Rotational moulding
     • Thermoforming
       • Line Bending

8. Finishing methods - they are used to improve aesthetics and preserve the product

   • Varnish
     • Requires various layers/coats
     • Oil Based
     • Water Based
   • Paint
     • A coat of Primer will be needed
     • Requires various layers
   • Wax
     • Bees Wax
     • Brywax
   • Oils
     • Linseed Oil
     • Teak Oil
   • Metals
     • Galvanising (zinc coated) counters weathering
     • Electrolysing

9. Management of Resources

10. Manufacture Methods

    • Job Production
      • Job production where items are made individually and each item is finished before the next one is started.
    • Mass Production
      • Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines.
    • Batch Production
      • Batch production where groups of items are made together. Each batch is finished before starting the next block of goods

11. Labour Issues

    • Skilled enough workforce
    • Minimum wage
    • Personal needs

12. Materials

    • Wood
      • Manufactured Board
        • MDF, Chipboard, Blockboard, Plywood
      • Softwood
        • E.g - Pine (Scots, Parana, Pitch), Yew, Cedar
      • Hardwood
        • E.g - Beech, Oak, Ash, Mahogany, Teak
    • Metal
      • Ferrous
        • E.g - Steel
      • Non-Ferrous
        • E.g - Aluminium, Copper
      • Alloys
        • E.g - Brass, Stainless Steel
    • Plastics
      • Thermosetting
        • Polyester Resin, Epoxy Resin
      • Thermoforming
        • E.g - HDPE, LDPE, Polypropylene, HIPS, Nylon, Acrylic, PVC

13. Specification

14. Evaluation

15. Testing

    • Destructive Testing
    • Non-Destructive Testing