Topic 2

Topic 2

1. Secondary Storage

   • Non-volatile
   • Disk Space
   • AKA
     • Auxiliary Memory
     • Secondary Memory
     • External Memory

2. Input and Output Devices

   • Input
     • Is used to input things into the CPU
     • Mouse
     • Keyboard
   • Output
     • Is used to output things to the user
     • Monitor
     • Speaker

3. ROM

   • Non-volatile
   • Stores the BIOS
   • PROM (Programmable read-only memory
     • Bought blank
     • Programmed directly by a programmer
     • Only programmed once
   • Read Only Memory
   • EEP ROM (Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory)
     • Easily updated by manufacturer
     • Can be reprogrammed

4. RAM

   • Random Access Memory
   • Volatile
   • Stores programs when computer is running
   • Dynamic Ram
     • Charged for a few milliseconds
     • Has to be constantly refreshed
     • AKA DRAM

5. Virtual Memory

   • Created when RAM starts to fill up
     • Seperate part of RAM
   • Slower than main memory

6. Cache Memory

   • Next to CPU
   • Fast access
   • More expensive
   • Smaller than main memory
   • Buffer between CPU and Main Memory

7. CPU

   • Executes Instructions
     • Uses fetch-execute and decode cycle
   • "Brain of the Computer"