2nd Unit Concepts PSICOLINGÜISTICA

2nd Unit Concepts PSICOLINGÜISTICA

1. Language transfers

   • In second-language acquisition, the tendency to transfer the phonology, syntax, and semantics of the native language into the learning of the second language. Negative transfer (or interference) occurs when differences between the two languages’ structures lead to systematic errors in the learning of the second language or to fossilization. Positive transfer occurs when areas of similarity between the two languages facilitate learning. See contrastive analysis; interlanguage.
     • Positive
       • Examples:action- acción
     • Negative
       • Actually (de hecho) - actualmente

2. Krashen`s 5 Hyphotesis

   • The Acquisition-Learning
     • The 'acquired system' or 'acquisition' is the product of a subconscious process very similar to the process children undergo when they acquire their first language. It requires meaningful interaction in the target language - natural communication - in which speakers are concentrated not in the form of their utterances, but in the communicative act.
   • The Monitor hypothesis
     • It explains the relationship between acquisition and learning and defines the influence of the latter on the former. The monitoring function is the practical result of the learned grammar
   • The Input hypothesis
     • It is Krashen's attempt to explain how the learner acquires a second language – how second language acquisition takes place. The Input hypothesis is only concerned with 'acquisition', not 'learning'
   • The Affective Filter hypothesis
     • Embodies Krashen's view that a number of 'affective variables' play a facilitative, but noncausal, role in second language acquisition. These variables include: motivation, self-confidence
   • Natural Order hypothesis
     • Tthe acquisition of grammatical structures follows a 'natural order' which is predictable. For a given language, some grammatical structures tend to be acquired early while others late.

3. Activity Analizing Video

   • a)Comprehensible input When teacher is giving the rules of the class, he makes sure to act and incorpores physical movement so the students know what he’s refering and they understood really quickly, he’s algo making them laugh so they can feel comfortable.
   • b)Affective Filter Hyphotesis When teacher asked everyone who considers him/herself intelligent, Smart, brave and atractive. I think that he just wanted to know, which Student have self-esteem and make him/her the leader of the team.
   • c)Learning / Aquisition Hyphotesis when the teacher asks students to split in teams because they have to investigate about the topic in the internet, but also the teacher asks them to only talk in English

4. What is noticing approach?

   • Noticing is basically the idea that if learners pay attention to the form and meaning of certain language structures in input, this will contribute to the internalization of the rule (Batstone, 1996). ... Learners extract from the available information around them the regularities that form into their knowledge system.