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ALEXANDER II REFORMS:
CENSORSHIP & THE CHURCH
(1858 - 1870)
- NEWSPAPERS
- Permitted to discuss and
comment on GOVERNMENT
POLICIES!
- No longer had to
submit work for
approval prior to
publication (preventive
censorship abolished!)
- EDITORS
given
more
freedom.
- Permitted to discuss and
comment on GOVERNMENT
POLICIES!
- BOOKS
- Numbers of
publications
INCREASED from
1020 (1855) to 1836
(1964) and 10,691
(1894).
- No longer had to
submit work for
approval prior to
publication (preventive
censorship abolished!)
- Some proved to
be OVERLY radical
and critical of the
regime.
- Numbers of
publications
INCREASED from
1020 (1855) to 1836
(1964) and 10,691
(1894).
- - PUBLIC OPINION WAS
TAKING SHAPE AND
BECOMING FAR MORE
REFORMED (remember,
education reforms
contributed to a more
literate population!)
- NOT ALWAYS
ANTI-GOVERNMENT...
- ... The autocratic
regime didn't
encourage a
general 'FLOW OF
OPINION!'
- ... The autocratic
regime didn't
encourage a
general 'FLOW OF
OPINION!'
- NOT ALWAYS
ANTI-GOVERNMENT...
- Minimal, half-hearted
attempts to ELIMINATE
CORRUPTION within
the Russian Orthodox
Church.
- In the earlier stages of
Alexander II's reign, there
was SOME attempt to
improve the conditions of
the JEWS and other ETHNIC
MINORITIES.
- - The 1863 POLISH
REBELLION saw this
lenient treatment
abandoned!
- - The 1863 POLISH
REBELLION saw this
lenient treatment
abandoned!
- - Events of 1870s
prevented these
aspirations from
becoming a
reality.
- In the earlier stages of
Alexander II's reign, there
was SOME attempt to
improve the conditions of
the JEWS and other ETHNIC
MINORITIES.
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