Types of Memory

Types of Memory

1. Explicit (Declarative): is the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information.

   • Amnesia patients with damage to the medial temporal lobe , including the hippocampus have more extensive impairment of episodic memory than semantic

2. Episodic Memory: Storage and retrieval of specific events or moments

3. Semantic Memory: General knowledge of facts, objects, people, word meaning No connection to specific times or places (Peterson et al 2007)

4. Implicit Memory (Non-declarative): learning complex information without complex awareness

   • Reber (1993) made 5 assumptions concerning major differences between implicit and explicit memory
     • 1) Age Independence: Implicit is little influenced by age
     • 2) IQ independence: Performance on implicit tasks is relatively unaffected by IQ
     • 3)Robustness: Implicit systems are relatively unaffected by disorders affecting explicit systems
     • 4) Low Variability: There are smaller individual differences in implicit learning than in explicit learning
     • Commonality Practise: Implicit systems are common to most species