Programming

Programming

1. Algorithms

   • solving problems 1 step at a time.
   • Processors can only process 1 instruction at a time
   • Mainly expressed as a flow chart
     • Make sure you know the symbols

2. control Flow

   • Lteration
     • Loop
       • WHILE or FOR
   • Selection
     • Yes or No
   • Sequencing
     • The order it runs through an algorithm

3. Translation

   • Assembler
     • Turns assembly language into machine code
     • Can only be use in low level programming
   • Compiler
     • creates an executable file to run the program
     • once it it completer it doesn't need the original source code
     • Would be used for proprietary software
   • Interpreter
     • Executes the source code directly
     • used when creating a program
     • Would be used on open source software

4. Testing

   • Logical error
     • A error made by humans by the way they created the algorithm
   • Run-time error
     • A error in the program eg stuck in a loop
   • Syntax error
     • Not using the correct command for the coding language being used.

5. Pseudocode

   • used for planning algorithms
   • Should allow a programmer to write it in any language
   • Key words written in capital letter (eg INPUT, IF, WHILE)

6. Data types

   • Variable or constant
     • Variable changes during the program eg score in a game
     • Constant stays the same like Pi
   • Arrays are lists of the same data types
   • Operation are mathematical symbols eg <> + -
   • Integers and real number
     • Integer is a whole number
     • Real which is sometime is called float , real number can have decimal places

7. High level/low level programming

   • High level has to be translated
     • Uses language that is easier to understand by humans
     • Has to be translated
     • Example Python , BASIC and Javascript
   • Low level is understood by the processor
     • Assembly language
       • Codes specific to a type of processor
       • Example INT, LDA, OUT
     • Machine code
       • Binary codes for each instruction and register location