Programming

Programming

1. Translation

   • Interpreter
     • executes the sources directly
     • used when creating a program
     • Would be used on open sources
   • Compiler
     • Creates an executable file to run the program
     • Once it is compiled it doesn`t need the original source code
     • Would be used for properties software
   • Assembler
     • Only can be used in low level programming
     • turns assembly language into machine code

2. Algorithm

   • Solving problems 1 step at a time
   • Processors can only process 1 instruction at a time
   • Maily expressed as a flow chart
     • Make sure you know the symbols

3. High level / low level programming

   • Low level is understood by the processor
     • Machine code
       • binary codes for each instruction and register location
     • Assembly language
       • Code specific to a type of processor
       • eg INP, LDA, OUT
       • written as each instruction would be processed
   • High level has to be translated
     • uses language that is easier to understand by humans
     • Has to be translated
     • eg python, Basic, Javascript

4. Tezting

   • Logic error
     • Human error with the construction of the algorithm
   • Syntax error
     • Not a correct command for the coding language being used
   • Run-time error
     • An error in the program eg stuck in a loop

5. Pseudocode

   • used for planning algorithms
   • should allow a programmer to write it in any language
   • Key words in capital letters (eg INPUT, IF, While

6. Control flow

   • selection
     • if THEN ELSE
   • interation
     • Loops
       • While or FOR
   • sequencing
     • the order through an algorithm

7. Data type

   • integers and real numbers
     • integer is whole number
     • Real (sometimes called float) can have decimal places
   • arrays are lists of the same data types
   • Variable changes during the program eg score in a game
   • Operations are mathematical symbols <>+-
   • Variable or constant
     • Constant stays the same eg Pi