Population

Population

1. Population Pyramids

   • LEDC's
     • Narrow at top, wide at bottom - high birth rates and high death rates, triangular shape shows rapidily growing population
   • MEDC's
     • Narrow base - few yong people -low birth rate. wider/longer top - more old people - low death rate . more vertical shape- shows a population which is not increasing and is likely to age over time

2. Population Distribution

   • Densely populated
     • This is the number of people living in a square kilometre (URBAN)
   • Reasons why
     • Physical factors
       • Natural resources
       • Relief
       • climate
       • Soils
       • Vegetation
     • Humman factors
       • Urban growth
       • Agricultural development
       • Industrial growth
       • Accessibility
       • Government policies
   • Sparsely populated
     • This means that there is not many people living in an area. Places can be described as being densely or sparsely populated (RUAL)

3. Factors affecting population

   • Migration
     • LEDC - people move from rural to urban areas. MEDC's urban to rural
   • Polices
     • China 1 child policy - has led to ageing population
   • Population changed because of the natural increase- this is the birth rate minus the death rate
     • Birth rate
       • The Number of live births per 1000 of the population
         • Better Education
         • Available Contreception
         • Government Polices
         • Better Health Care
         • Gender Equality
     • Death rate
       • The Number of deaths per 1000 of the population
         • Improved Food Supply
         • Clean Water
         • Improved sanitation
         • Better Medical Care
         • Better Safety (less War)

4. How will populations change in the future

   • South Asia
     • Improvement in standard of living (Healthcare and education) means that people are living longer and a decrease in the birthrate means the population level will even out.
   • Western Europe
     • Birth rates declining but people living longer - challenge is how to support ageing population
   • Sub-Sahara Africa
     • High birth rate causing rapid population growth but AIDS is killing the young and fit distorting the population structure and is of pressing concern.

5. Migration

   • Urbanisation is the dominant process affecting LEDCs cities. one case study of this is people in rural parts of Easter Uganda migrating to urban Mbale
     • Push factors (bad things in the country side)
       • Little paid employmnet
       • Long Walks to Nearest Doctors
       • Drought & Harvest Failure
       • Over Populated/Land Shortage
       • No/Poor Schools
       • Poor Security - War
       • Poor Sanitation & Disease
     • Pull factors (good things in the city)
       • Clean Water/Sanitation
       • Hospitals & Health Care
       • Food Availability/Shops
       • Security/Safety
       • Leisure
       • Paid Employment
       • Good Free Schools