INDUCTIVE ARG.

INDUCTIVE ARG.

1. STANDARDS: strong weak (degrees) - defeasible -(nonmonotonic)

2. GENERALIZATION FROM SAMPLES

   • QUESTIONS: * premise false or unjustified? *sample too small? (depends on data or background & whats at stake) *sample biased? *question slanted?
   • APPLICATION OF GENERALIZATION(or statistical syllogism)
     • conflicting reference classes: the smallest is the most important

3. INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION

   • from the observation to the explanation
   • NEEDS: 1.explaining 2.deepness(needs no other explaining, doesnot led to another question) 3. powerfull(aplies to many cases-"I did not run well this time" ) 4. falsifiable o refutable("unlucky"-verosimil,que pueda ser falsa; the explanation is compatible with any event, including the phenomenon not occurring) 5.modest(no conspiracy, not too much; no fish in the whole river) &simplicity(no ghosts, no new laws or subatomic particles) 6.conservative (respects well established beliefs)
     • EXPLANATORY VIRTUES

4. ANALOGY

   • comparison between two things

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