Chapter 1

Chapter 1

1. Computational thinking is a problem-solving approach that borrows techniques from computer science, notably abstraction, problem decomposition and the development of algorithms. Computational thinking is applied to a wide variety of problem domains and not just to the development of computer systems.

2. Decomposition is the breaking down of a problem into smaller parts that are easier to solve. The smaller parts can sometimes be solved recursively. This means that they can be run again and again until that part of the problem is solved

3. Structured Programming

   • In structured programming, functions(or procedures) were packed off and designed to perform just one or a limited set of jobs.
   • Any computable function can be carried out by using no more than 3 different types of programming construct.
     • Sequence
       • Executing one statement or sub program after another
     • Selection
       • Branching to a different place in a program according to the value of a boolean expression
     • Iteration
       • Repeating a section of code until a boolean expression is true
   • It is a common method of decomposition

4. Object-orientated programming

   • A program made up of objects (custom-made data structures to represent often-used real world entities) that interact.
   • Examples of object-orientated programming
     • Java
     • C++
   • A common way of breaking down problems and functionality at the same time

5. Algorithm

   • A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.