Geography- Population

Geography- Population

1. Demographic Transition Model.

2. Population Pyramids.

   • Stage 1
     • Very Few Elderly. Lots of young. Few workers.
     • Life expectancy low, high infant mortality and high birth rate with a very high death rate
   • Stage 2
     • Few old people. Few workers.
     • Low life expectancy high death rate high birth rate high infant mortality.
   • Stage 3
     • Emancipation and good medical progress,Contraception.
     • High Life expectancy low infant mortality high birth rate and low death rate
     • More elderly and less young.
     • Example of this is Algeria and Bangladesh.
   • Stage 4
     • Lots of elderly and lots of workers
     • Low death rate, high life expectancy low infant mortality and low birth rate.
     • More people at jobs. better education.
     • Example Belarus and Finland (MEDC)
   • Stage 5
     • Low death rate High life expectancy very very infant mortality low birthrate.
     • Lots of worker and Lots and lots of workers.
     • More use of Contraception.
     • China
       • Case Study (MEDC)
         • China One Child Policy.
           • 1940'S Strong Nation. 1960S Later Marriages , Longer Gaps between Kids and Fewer Kids.
             • 1979 One Child Policy Introduced.
               • Positives
                 • 300 million people not born in 30 years.
                   • Trialing 2 Child Policy
               • Negatives.
                 • Gender Imbalance 100 Females in 141 Males
                   • Ageing Population
           • Success or Failure?
             • Problem 1. Ageing Population. 2050 1/3 China Pop 65+
               • Policy Unstable --> Fewer Workers
             • Problem 2. Gender Imbalance. 100 females in 141 Males. birth rate down
             • Failure. Rural People didnt like it. Poor struggled. FORCE ABORTIONS 16,300,000 p/y. 44,000 p/d. GRANNY POLICE.
             • SUCCESS. Politicians liked the policy. Middle Class liked it too.
           • Wanted males as they could support the family in a later age as females would join the husband to look after his family
             • The two people could be supporting up to 12 people.
               • Both Parents and Both Grandparents.
           • Fined or penalised for more than one child.
           • Stage 5 UNSUSTAINABLE
           • Birth Control

3. Case Study (LEDC)

   • KERALA (INDIA)
     • 2 Child Policy. No Benefits for 3 Child no maternity.
     • Stage 4. Sustainable.
     • No Birth Control Policy.
     • Lowering Birth Rate
     • Improving Education and EMANCIPATION
     • Educating people benfits of smaller families
     • Reducing Infant Mortality
     • Improving Child care thorugh vaccinations programs
     • Free contraception and ADVICE.
     • Encouraging Higher age of marriage.
     • Allowing Maternity leave for first two babies.
     • Extra retirement benfits with those with smaller families.

4. MIGRATION

   • KEY TERMS
     • Emigrant - Leaving the country
     • Immigrant - Enters the country
     • Assylum Seeker- Person whohas left the country as a plitical refugee
     • Refugee- Seeking peace from war, disaster or persucation.
   • Reason- Pull Factors - Why you are attracted to the place.
     • Push Factors - Drives people Away
   • Syria to EU
     • Everyone migrating - Rich First. 7.6 million leaving.
     • Why? Terrorist Attacks and Homes lost.
     • Where? Lebanon 1;5 Syrian Refugees. Jordan 1:13 . Turkey 2,000,000.
       • Travelling further into EU ass the first countries are LEDC and cope financially.
       • Others Germany as Good Jobs , good living conditions and wanted the rich.

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