Air Management

Air Management

1. Polutants

   • The big 6-- epa clean air act criteria pollutants
   • PRIMARY
     • Sulfur oxide (SOx)
       • Created by combustion of coal
       • adverse effects on respiratory system (like bronchitis)
     • Nitrous oxide (NOx)
       • Created by car engines
       • adverse effects on respiratory system
     • CO
       • Combustion
       • we have CO alarms in our houses
       • colorless, odorless, toxic
       • reduces oxygen flow to body: chest pain, high doses can lead to death
     • Lead
       • Used to be found in paint, gasoline
         • Now removed: not so much a problem
           • found in old houses
           • example of successful removal of a pollutant from use
     • PM
       • PM 10
         • nostrils/throat irritation, but can cough up
       • PM 2.5
         • gets into lungs
           • difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat, athsma
       • issues with visibility
     • VOCs
       • Voluntary Organic Compounds
         • Liquids that evaporate at room temp
           • Paints, paint strippers, wood preservatives, air fresheners, moth repellants, dry cleaned clothing, automotive produts
         • short term: eye, throat irritation, headaches, dizziness
           • long term: (constant, over time) cancer, damage to liver and nervous system
       • Use them in a ventilated area/ be careful of how they're thrown away
         • wear a mask while painting
   • SECONDARY
     • Ozone
       • Good ozone: a natural layer, protects us from UV radiation
         • Higher: in stratosphere
       • Bad ozone: unnatural, in troposphere
         • Cities that struggle the most are those that had drastic population increases
         • Can be reduced by refueling when it's cold out?
         • secondary pollutant
           • Formed by NOx or VOCs
       • harmful to children and people with athsma
     • Acid Rain

2. Air Overall

3. In Places

   • CT worst
     • All CT counties but CornwAll ,set NAAQ standards of 75 ppl or above
   • US worst
     • LA, Bakersfield have bad tropospheric ozone
   • WORLDWIDE
     • Hong Kong: decreasing VOCs by placing limits on amount of these chemicals that can be in products

4. Preservation Efforts

   • EPA
     • The Clean Air Act of 1970
       • Revised 1990
     • NAAQs

5. US trends

6. thermal inversion

   • static layer of cold air (with hot air above, colder air farther above)

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