Classification of the Immune System

Classification of the Immune System

1. Adaptative immune system

   • Humoral immunity
     • Mediated by B-cells
       • Matures in the bone marrow
         • Plasma cells
           • Secretes antibodies
         • Memory B-cells
           • Produce plasma cells that directly secrete IgG antibodies in second exposure to antigen
   • Cellular immunity
     • Mediated by T-cells
       • Active other immune cells to fully mature
         • CD8+cytotoxic T-cells
           • Induce apoptosis in target cells
         • CD4+ helped T-cells
           • Th1
             • Activate macrophages to destroy pathogens
             • B-cell activation roles
           • Th2
             • Interacts with B-cells mainly
           • Th17
             • Fight fungal infections

2. Innate Immune System

   • Response to an initial infection
     • Immediate: 0-4 hours
       • Infection
         • Recognition by preformed, nonspecific and broadly specific effectors
           • Removal of Infectious agent
   • Consists of Cells and Proteins
     • Main components
       • Physical epithelial barriers
       • Phagocytic leukocytes
       • Dendritic cells
       • Special type ok lymphocyte - Natural Killer cell (NK)
       • Circulating plasma proteins

3. Active Immune System

   • Injection a person with
     • Antigens
   • Source of antibodies
     • The person inoculated
   • Method
     • Injection with
       • Attenuated pathogens
       • Their toxins
   • Time to develop resistance
     • 5 to 14 days
   • Duration of resistance
     • Long (Perhaps years)
   • When used
     • Before Exposure to pathogen

4. Passive Immune System

   • Adquiere from the transfer of antibodies
     • Produce by other person
   • protection decreases in a short time
     • Weeks or months
   • Acquired Immunity
     • Naturally
       • Antibodies pass from mother to fetus
         • Via placenta
         • To infant in her milk
     • Artificially
       • Injection of immune serum
         • Gamma globulin

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