Study Guide

Seite 1

ANTH

2322 Global Cultures Fall 2016

Dr.

Ryan Guide One

UTA

General

suggestions: Look at the terms at the

end of each chapter. I have not reproduced them on this guide. You should

watch the videos, but I will not draw specific details from them unless I cover

them in class.

Readings:

I would suggest that you abstract the readings. I won’t ask about details, but

you should be able to give the main idea/findings/argument for each reading,

whether we have discussed them in class or not. The readings that will be on

this test are on Blackboard: Miner, Cooper, Bower, Chagnon, and Diamond.

The

test will consist of multiple choice, fill in and short answer questions, with

one short essay. There will be a choice of essay questions. Bring paper and

pen/pencil to the exam.

Ch. 1 The Discipline of

Anthropology and the Concept of Culture

1.

What are the major fields of anthropology? Be familiar with the fields and

subfields

discussed in the chapter.

biological anthropology

archaeology

linguistic anthropology

cultural anthropology

2.

What is the “fifth field” in anthropology? How is applied anthropology

different from

theoretical anthropology?

3.

Be able to list at least four areas of specialization within cultural anthropology (medical,

educational, etc.)

4.

Distinguish between the emic and etic approaches in anthropology.

5.

What is culture? What are the characteristics or features of the “culture

concept”?

6.

What are cultural universals? Be able to give examples.

7.

How do we “learn” our culture? [enculturation]

8.

What methods might an anthropologist use to collect data?

9.

What is participant-observation? What are the strengths and weaknesses of

this research method? (See Ch. 3 for more

information)

10.

What is culture shock?

11.

Be able to define and discuss cultural relativism and ethnocentrism.

12.

I also discussed applied anthropology in lecture. What are some similarities

and

between applied and theoretical

anthropology?

13.

You be familiar with all the terms listed on p. 23 of the text.

Chapter Three: Schools

of Thought and Methods of Cultural Anthropology

1.

Review the notes posted on Blackboard

2.

Be familiar with the researchers I mentioned in class, such as Tylor, Morgan,

Malinowski,

Levi-Straus and Harris.

3.

What are some of the important ideas of postmodernism, and how has it affected the way

that ethnography is done?

4.

What was Malinowski’s contribution to fieldwork methods?

5.

What is the difference between ethnography, ethnology, and ethnohistory? (p.77)

Terms:

Binary

contrasts Neo-evolutionism

Cognitive

anthropology Participant-observation

Culture

change Postmodern

approach

Cultural

ecology Subsistence

strategy

Cultural

materialism Structural

functionalism

Cultural

relativism Symbolic anthropology

Diachronic

versus synchronic perspective Universality

versus relativism

Emic

versus etic perspective

French

structuralism

Functionalism

Historical

particularism

Inductive

approach

Kula

ring

Level

of socio-cultural integration

Materialism

versus idealism perspective

Political Organization

Some

of this information is incorporated into Ch. 11, but I have chosen to discuss

it separately.

The

lecture outline is on Blackboard. For this test, focus on types of political

organization.

1.

What are the characteristics of political

organization for bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and

states?

2.

How do features of political organization integrate or “make sense” with other

social systems

such as economic systems? What it the usual

type of subsistence pattern found with each?

The chart on p.243 of your text will be

helpful here.

Chapter 11: Ecological Adaptation and Economic

Exchange

1.

You should be able to compare and

contrast the subsistence patterns of foraging,

pastoralism, horticulture, intensive

agriculture, and industrial agriculture. Be able to give

examples of each from the text and/or

lecture.

2.

What social characteristics are generally associated with the subsistence

patterns?

3.

What does “symbolic ecology” mean? (pp. 243-245) The authors use the example

of Rappaport’s working with the Tsembaga

Maring of highland New Guinea. What other

kinds of questions do anthropologists with

an ecological perspective address? [human-

animal relations, ecological change]

4.

What was the formalist-substantivist debate?

5.

Be familiar with Polanyi’s categories of economic systems [reciprocity,

redistribution, and

market systems]

6.

What are the three types of reciprocity defined by Marshall Sahlins?

7.

We will return to the issue of globalization later in the semester. For this

test, read the

text material through p. 261.

8.

What is the kula ring? The potlatch?

Terms (from the list on

pp. 267-268)

Agriculture

(intensive, extensive) Reciprocity

(generalized, balanced, negative)

Band Redistribution

Big

Man society State

Chiefdom Subsistence

strategy

Economic

system Sustainable

development

Egalitarian

society Symbolic

Ecology

Foragers

(hunter/gatherers) Tribe

Formalist/Substantivist

debate World

Systems Theory

Headman Karl

Polanyi

Kula

ring Emmanuel

Wallerstein

Market

exchange

Nomadic

Pastoralism

Potlatch

Please bring a pencil,

pen, and paper to the exam.