ions, atoms and ionic bonding

Atoms

• Atoms:
• made from proton + neutron nucleus and electron rings
• 1 proton/neutron has a mass of 1
• 1 electron has a mass of 0.0005 but we round down
• they each have different charges (protons are positive) (neutrons are neutral) (electrons are negative)
• atoms have no overall charge (name no. of protons as electrons)
• Atomic mass - atomic no. = neutron mass
• atomic no. = no. of protons = no. of electrons
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Ions and ionic bonding

• Ions:
• occur in bonding
• formed when no. of protons don't match with the no. of electrons and has a charge
• Chemical bonding is the movement of electrons in atoms
• if atom gains an electron , it will be negative
• if an atom loses an electron, it is positive
• Ionic bonding:
• metals make positive ions, non-metals make negative ions
• metals ion + non-metal ion attract and stick together
• can conduct electricity in melted or dissolved so that the electrons can flow and can carry the current
• 

Metallic bonding

• Metallic bonding:
• the metals lose electrons and they move around freely in a sea of electrons
• opposites attract, negative electrons act as glue to the positive ions
• this is how an electric current can flow
• must have the same amount of electrons as protons
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