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Kobe Earthquake 17/01/1995 MEDC
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Kobe Earthquake- 17th
January 1995
Facts
o
Earthquake was 7.2 on the Richter scale
o
The focus was 16km below the Earth’s crust
o
The epicentre of the earthquake was 20 miles
south of Kobe
o
The tremors lasted for 20 seconds
Causes
o
Japan is near the boundary for the Eurasian and
the Philippine tectonic plates
o
The Philippine plate moved towards the
continental Eurasian plate
o
The Philippine plate sub ducted below the
Eurasian plate as it is denser
o
The plates jammed together and pressure built up
o
The pressure was suddenly release, and the
plates jerked forwards
o
The Earthquake’s shockwaves then travelled
outwards
Effects
Primary
o
6,434 people were killed
o
40,000 were seriously injured
o
300,000 were made homeless
o
2 million homes were without electricity
o
1 million had no water for 10 days
o
Elevated roads collapsed (e.g Great Hanshin
Expressway)
o
Only 30% of railways lines were useable
o
People were trapped in buildings
Secondary
o
Fires due to broken gas mains
o
Spread of disease
o
Cost= $220 billion
o
Closure of businesses
Responses
Short term
o
Rescue teams searched for 10 days
o
People were evacuated
o
Motorola provided a free mobile network
o
7-eleven helped provide rations and essentials
Long term
o
Planning laws introduced to make buildings
‘earthquake proof’
o
New buildings built further apart
o
Japan has an earthquake drill every year
o
Many moved away from Kobe
o
Jobs were created in construction of new homes
o
By July, water gas and electric were all working
again
o
By January 1999 134,000 housing units had been
built
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- Restless Earth Case Study MEDC Earthquake AQA GCSE Physical Geography
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