Quiz
pH & buffering
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1the blood pH is termed acidosis if it is
- A<7
- B=7
- C<7.45
- D<7.4
- E<7.35
2The blood pH is termed alkalosis if it is
- A>7.45
- B>7
- C>7.35
- D=7
- E<7.45
3patients risk death if their blood pH is:
- A<6.8 or >8
- B<6.95 or >7.7
- C<6.9 or >7.3
- D<7.5 or >7.75
- E<7 or >7.6
4the blood pH is
- A6.35-7
- B7-7.5
- C<7.45
- D<7.4
- E7.35-7.45
5the blood pCO2 is #mmHg
- A22-26
- B35-45
- C<45
- D<35
- E80-100
6the blood HCO3- is # mEq/L
- A22-26
- B35-45
- C<22
- D<26
- E80-100
7the blood pO2 is #mmHg
- A3.5-5.5
- B7.35-7.45
- C22-26
- D35-45
- E80-100
8the most abundant buffer system in ECF for acid-base homeostasis is:
- Aammonia
- Bamino groups
- Cbicarbonate
- Dhaemoglobin
- Ephosphate
9the blood pH maintains a:
- A20:1 ratio: HCO3-:H2CO3
- B20:1 ratio: H2CO3:HCO3-
- C10:1 ratio: HCO3-:H2CO3
- D10:1 ratio: H2CO3:HCO3-
10A buffer solution is one which resists change in # when small quantities of an acid or an alkali are added to it
- ApH
- Bpressure
- Ctemperature
11acidic buffer solutions are commonly made from a # and one of its salts
- Astrong acid
- Bstrong base
- Cweak acid
- Dweak base
12alkaline buffer solutions are commonly made from a # and one of its salts
- Astrong acid
- Bstrong base
- Cweak acid
- Dweak base
13strong acids/bases are strong buffers because they make the system more acidic/basic
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
14in acid-base balance, arrange the following from the fastest to the slowest:
i. respiratory mechanism
ii. metabolic mechanism
iii. chemical buffer system- Ai-->ii-->iii
- Biii-->ii-->i
- Ciii--->i-->ii
- Di-->iii-->ii
15the first line of defence against pH shift are:
- Achemical buffers
- Bphysiological buffers
16the renal mechanism is faster than the respiratory mechanism in terms of acid-base balance
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
17the [blank_start]respiratory[blank_end] mechanism is managed by the lungs: too [blank_start]little[blank_end] carbon dioxide exhaled will increase the acidity of the blood, whereas too [blank_start]much[blank_end] carbon dioxide exhaled will decrease the acidity of the blood
- Arespiratory
- Blittle
- Cmuch
18in acid-base homeostasis, increasing the rate of respiration and depth will result in acidosis
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
19in acid-base homeostasis, hyperventilation can lead to
- Ametabolic acidosis
- Bmetabolic alkalosis
- Crespiratory acidosis
- Drespiratory alkalosis
20in acid-base homeostasis, hypoventilation can lead to:
- Ametabolic acidosis
- Bmetabolic alkalosis
- Crespiratory acidosis
- Drespiratory alkalosis
21hyperventilation increases plasma basicity, whereas hypoventilation increases plasma acidity
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
22the [blank_start]metabolic[blank_end] mechanism is managed by the kidneys and is based on bicarbonate ion production. too [blank_start]much[blank_end] bicarbonate will decrease the plasma acidity leading to alkalosis. kidneys can also get rid of large amounts of acids to reduce acidosis
- Ametabolic
- Bmuch
23in acid-base homeostasis, # can eliminate acids or excrete base
- Alung
- Bliver
- Ckidney
- Dheart
24in acid-base homeostasis, the kidneys get rid of CO2, whereas the lungs get rid of H+
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
25in acid-base homeostasis, too much bicarbonate can lead to:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- Bmetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
26In acid-base homeostasis, too much excretion of H+ can lead to
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
27in acid-base homeostasis, if there is a problem with the kidneys, then compensation will be from the lungs: [blank_start]respiratory[blank_end] compensation. whereas, if there is a problem with the lungs, then compensation will be from the kidneys: [blank_start]metabolic[blank_end] compensation.
- Arespiratory
- Bmetabolic
28Hyperventilation increases plasma acidity, whereas hypoventilation increases plasma basicity
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
29In acid-base imbalance, metabolic compensation occurs in case of metabolic problem, and respiratory compensation occurs in case of respiratory problem.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
30In acid-base imbalance, in case of acidosis, there is [blank_start]relaxation[blank_end] of the central nervous system. This is associated with [blank_start]hyperkalaemia[blank_end] due to alkalosis.
- Arelaxation
- Bhyperkalaemia
31In ICF/ECF, in case of acidosis, potassium is more likely to increase in plasma.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
32High levels of CO2 in blood is termed
- Ahypocapnia
- Bhypercapnia
- Chyperkalaemia
- Dhypernatraeima
- Ehyperglycaemia
33In acid-base imbalance, respiratory acidosis is due to hypoventilation or hypercapnia or:
- ADecreased HCO3-
- BDecreased CO2
- CIncreased HCO3-
- DIncreased CO2
34In acid-base imbalance: respiratory acidosis could be compensated by giving the patient # solution as it will be converted to bicarbonate ions in the liver.
- Afructose
- Bglucose
- Clactose
- Dlactate
- Emalate
35In acid-base imbalance: the treatment for respiratory acidosis could be any of the followings EXCEPT:
- ARestore ventilation
- BLactate solution
- CKidneys eliminate hydrogen ions
- DKidneys retain bicarbonate ions
- EHypoventilation
36In acid-base imbalance, metabolic acidosis is due to elevated proton concentration or:
- ADecreased HCO3-
- BDecreased CO2
- CIncreased HCO3-
- DIncreased CO2
37In acid-base imbalance: metabolic acidosis could be compensated by giving the patient # solution as it will be converted to bicarbonate ions in the liver.
- AFructose
- BGlucose
- CLactose
- DLactate
- EMalate
38Headache, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and coma are symptoms of?
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory alkalosis
- DRespiratory acidosis
39In acid-base imbalance: the treatment for metabolic acidosis could be all the followings EXCEPT:
- ARestore ventilation
- BIV lactate solution
- CKidneys eliminate hydrogen ions if possible
- DK+ exchanges with excess H+ in ECF
- EHypoventilation
40In acid-base imbalance, in case of alkalosis, there is [blank_start]stimulation[blank_end] of the central nervous system. That goes hand in hand with the symptoms seen in [blank_start]hypokalaemia[blank_end] due to alkalosis.
- Astimulation
- Bhypokalaemia
41In ICF/ECF, in case of alkalosis, potassium is more likely to decrease in plasma.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
42In acid-base imbalance, respiratory alkalosis is due to hyperventilation or hypocapnia or:
- ADecreased CO2
- BDecreased HCO3-
- CIncreased HCO3-
- DIncreased CO2
43In acid-base imbalance, respiratory alkalosis is less common.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
44The most common acid-base imbalance is:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory alkalosis
- DRespiratory acidosis
45In acid-base imbalance: respiratory alkalosis could be compensated by giving the patient # solution as it will replace the bicarbonate ions in the liver.
- AChloride
- BFructose
- CGlucose
- DLactate
- EMalate
46In acid-base imbalance: the treatment for respiratory alkalosis could be any of the followings EXCEPT:
- ABreathe into a paper bag
- BHyperventilation
- CIV Chloride containing solution
- DKidneys eliminate bicarbonate ions
- EKidneys retain hydrogen ions
47In acid-base imbalance, metabolic alkalosis is due to decreased proton concentration or:
- ADecreased HCO3-
- BDecreased CO2
- CIncreased HCO3-
- DIncreased CO2
48In acid-base imbalance: metabolic alkalosis could be compensated by giving the patient # solution as it will replace the bicarbonate ions in the liver.
- AChloride
- BFructose
- CGlucose
- DLactate
- EMalate
49Respiration slow and shallow (patients try to hold on to the CO2), hyperactive reflexes, tetany, atrial tachycardia, dysrhythmias are symptoms of:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory alkalosis
- DRespiratory acidosis
50In acid-base imbalance: the treatment for metabolic alkalosis could be all the followings EXCEPT:
- AIV chloride solution
- BElectrolytes solution
- CHyperventilation
51In acid-base imbalance: the treatment for metabolic alkalosis via respiratory compensation is difficult as hypoventilation is limited by:
- AHypoxia
- BHypocapnia
- CHypercapnia
52In acid-base imbalance: The following Henderson Hasselbalch equation represents:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
53In acid-base imbalance: The following Henderson Hasselbalch equation represents:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
54In acid-base imbalance: The following Henderson Hasselbalch equation represents:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
55In acid-base imbalance: The following Henderson Hasselbalch equation represents:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
56In acid-base imbalance, If the pH returned back to normal, it is called:
- AFully compensated
- BPartially compensated
- CUncompensated
57In acid-base imbalance, If the pH did not return back to normal, and the compensation factor is not within the normal range, it is called:
- AFully compensated
- BPartially compensated
- CUncompensated
58In acid-base imbalance, If the compensation factor is in the normal range, it is called:
- AFully compensated
- BPartially compensated
- CUncompensated
59In acid-base homeostasis, the body response to acid-base imbalance is called compensation.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
60In acid-base homeostasis, if the lungs or kidneys were able to return the blood pH to normal range, pH 7.35-7.45, it is called:
- APartial compensation
- BComplete compensation
61In acid-base homeostasis, if the lungs or kidneys weren’t able to return the blood pH to normal range, pH 7.35-7.45, it is called:
- APartial compensation
- BComplete compensation
62In acid-base imbalance: In general, the blood samples are collected from:
- Aveins
- Barteries
63The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.3 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 20 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 25 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]metabolic acidosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]partial respiratory compensation[blank_end]- Ametabolic acidosis
- Bpartial respiratory compensation
64The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.3 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 20 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 38 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]metabolic acidosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]uncompensated[blank_end]- Ametabolic acidosis
- Buncompensated
65The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.55 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 29 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 48 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]metabolic alkalosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]partial respiratory compensation[blank_end]- Ametabolic alkalosis
- Bpartial respiratory compensation
66The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.55 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 29 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 42 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]metabolic alkalosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]uncompensated[blank_end]- Ametabolic alkalosis
- Buncompensated
67The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.1 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 30 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 47 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]respiratory acidosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]partial metabolic compensation[blank_end]- Arespiratory acidosis
- Bpartial metabolic compensation
68The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.1 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 25 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 47 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]respiratory acidosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]uncompensated[blank_end]- Arespiratory acidosis
- Buncompensated
69The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.6 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 15 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 25 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]respiratory alkalosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]partial metabolic compensation[blank_end]- Arespiratory alkalosis
- Bpartial metabolic compensation
70The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.6 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 25 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 25 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]respiratory alkalosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]uncompensated[blank_end]- Arespiratory alkalosis
- Buncompensated
71The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.44 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 18 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 25 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]respiratory alkalosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]fully compensated[blank_end]- Arespiratory alkalosis
- Bfully compensated
72The lab reports the following values from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.37 (7.35 – 7.45)
HCO3- = 18 mEq / L ( 22 - 26)
pCO2 = 25 mm Hg (35 - 45)
diagnosis:
- [blank_start]metabolic acidosis[blank_end]
- [blank_start]fully compensated[blank_end]- Ametabolic acidosis
- Bfully compensated
73In acid-base imbalance: In some cases, we can find patients with mixed acid-base imbalance. For example, metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis in:
- AAlcohol abuse
- BChloride solution overdose
- CLactate solution overdose
- DSalicylate overdose
74In acid-base imbalance: patient with respiratory acidosis may progress to respiratory alkalosis if:
- AHyperventilated
- BHypoventilated
75A patient presenting with respiratory acidosis due to COAD (chronic obstructive airways disease), will be placed on # to increase water excretion.
- Ahyperventilation
- Bthiazide diuretics
76In acid-base imbalance: patient with respiratory acidosis may progress to respiratory alkalosis if:
- APlaced on thiazide diuretics
- Bhe is over ventilated
- CPlaced on salicylate
- D1 & 3
- E1 & 2
77In acid-base imbalance: severe [blank_start]diarrhoea[blank_end] results in loss of bicarbonate ions, which results in metabolic acidosis. Whereas [blank_start]vomiting[blank_end] results in acidic stomach fluids loss and [blank_start]metabolic alkalosis[blank_end]
- Adiarrhoea
- Bvomiting
- Cmetabolic alkalosis
78In acid-base imbalance: excessive ingestion of antacids in a patient with gastric ulcers can cause
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
79In acid-base imbalance: excessive pyloric stenosis can cause:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
80In acid-base imbalance: excessive with severe diarrhoea of several days duration can cause:
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BMetabolic alkalosis
- CRespiratory acidosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
81In acid-base imbalance a fall in pO2 always accompanied by a rise in pCO2 or vice versa.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
82In acid-base imbalance: a fall in pO2 is not always accompanied by a rise in pCO2 or vice versa. For example, in case of [blank_start]decreased ventilation[blank_end] because [blank_start]CO2[blank_end] is 20x more soluble in water than [blank_start]O2[blank_end].
- Adecreased ventilation
- BCO2
- CO2
83in acid-base imbalance, 5 causes for low pO2 are:
- [blank_start]chest wall pathologies[blank_end]
- [blank_start]airway obstruction[blank_end]
- [blank_start]impairment of respiratory drive[blank_end]
- [blank_start]lung collapse[blank_end]
- [blank_start]gross obesity[blank_end]- Achest wall pathologies
- Bairway obstruction
- Cimpairment of respiratory drive
- Dlung collapse
- Egross obesity
84In acid-base imbalance: poor oxygenation of blood is always due to poor ventilation, or lack of oxygen.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
85Metabolic [blank_start]acidosis[blank_end] patients are more likely to have low level of O2 bound to
Hemoglobin (pO2).- Aacidosis
- Balkalosis
86Metabolic [blank_start]acidosis[blank_end] patients are more likely to have high level of O2 bound to
Hemoglobin (pO2).- Aacidosis
- Balkalosis
87One molecule of hemoglobin can bind # molecules of oxygen
- A1
- B2
- C3
- D4
- E5
88In acid-base imbalance: poor oxygenation of blood is not always due to poor ventilation, or lack of oxygen. For example due to:
- AAnaemia
- BHyperventilation
- CLow CO2
- DLow CO
89In acid-base imbalance: What is a good marker for poor tissue oxygenation or hypoxia?
- AGlucose level
- BHaemoglobin
- CLactate
- DMalate
- EThiazide diuretics
90Level of hemoglobin oxygenation can be monitored by “Pulse Oximeter”.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Medicine Quiz am pH & buffering, erstellt von Karen Sundar am 02/05/2021.
- Autor
- Karen Sundar
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 2
- Schlagwörter
- Bewertung
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