Quiz
Biochem - regulation of metabolism in the fed and fasting states
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1What is the fed state?
- AThe absorptive state
- BThe 2-4 hour period after ingestion of a normal meal
- CThe time after you’ve eaten something
- DThe 8 hours after ingestion
2What happens during the fed state?
- APlasma levels of CHO, AAs and TAGS rise
- BPlasma levels of CHO, AAs and TAGs fall
- CIslet tissue responds
- DAn anabolic period
- EA catabolic period
- FGlucose used as fuel
- GGluconeogenis is mainly used
- HMetabolic response dominated by alterations in the liver, adipose tissue, muscle and brain
3What factors control the flow of intermediates through metabolism?
- AAvailability of substrates
- BAllosteric activators and inhibitors
- CSynthesis of new enzyme molecules
- DCovalent modification of enzymes
4When does fasting begin?
- AIf no food is ingested after the absorptive period
- BOnce ingestion of a meal ends
- CWhen eating stops
- DBefore the absorptive period begins
5How quickly does the availability of substrates affect the flow of intermediates through metabolism?
- AMinutes
- BMinutes to hours
- CSeconds
- DHours to days
6How quickly does the allosteric activators and inhibitors affect the flow of intermediates through metabolism?
- ASeconds
- BMinutes
- CMinutes to hours
- DHours to days
7How quickly does the covalent modification of enzymes affect the flow of intermediates through metabolism?
- ASeconds
- BMinutes
- CMinutes to hours
- DHours to days
8How quickly does the synthesis of new enzyme molecules affect the flow of intermediates through metabolism?
- ASeconds
- BMinutes
- CMinutes to hours
- DHours to days
9The fed state is a ...
- Aanabolic period
- Bcatabolic period
- Cosmotic period
10During the fed state nutrients are captured as...
- AGlycogen
- BTAG
- Cproteins
- Dalcohol
- Esugar
11Glucokinase has a _______ Km for glucose
- Ahigh
- Blow
12How does the liver respond to high blood glucose levels?
- Aby increasing the phosphorylation of glucose
- Bby decreasing the phosphorylation of glucose
- Cby ingesting glucokinase
- Dby allowing sodium into the cell to counteract the blood glucose levels
- Eby releasing insulin
13What enzyme phosphorylates glucose?
- Aglucokinase
- Bfructokinase
- Camalase
- Dglucolase
14Glucose uptake by the hepatocyte __________ rate limiting
- Ais
- Bis not
15What trasports glucose iinto the liver?
- AGLUT 4
- Binsulin
- Cglucokinase
- Dfructokinase
- Eamalase
16In the well fed (absorptive state) Glycogen Synthase has a part in one of the major metabolic pathways.
What is glycogen synthase activated by?- Aglucose 6-P
- Bglucose 7-P
- Cglucokinase
- Dfructokinase
17What GLUTs do adipocytes contain?
- Athe insulin sensitive GLUT 4
- Bthe insulin sensitive GLUT 3
- Cthe non - insulin sensitive GLUT 4
- Dthe non-insulin sensitive GLUT 3
- Ethe insulin sensitive GLUT 2
18Carbohydrate metabolism in the fed state causes.....
- AIncreased glucose transport
- Bincreased glycolysis
- Cincreased PPP
- Dincreased TAG storage
19Fat metabolism in the fed state causes...
- AIncreased TAG storage
- BIncreased glucose transport
- Cincreased glycolysis
- Dincreased PPP
20In the absorptive state, CHO Metabolism causes ____________ in Skeletal muscle.
- Aincreased glucose transport
- Bincreased glycogen synthesis
- Cincreased Fatty Acids
- Dincreased protein degradation.
- Eincreased glucose synthase
21The absorptive state is the same as the fed state
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
22In the absorptive state, Fat Metabolism causes ____________ in Skeletal muscle.
- AFatty acids from chylomicrons by lipoprotein lipase
- Bincreased glucose transport
- Cincreased uptake of BCAAs
- Dhunger
- Eincreased glucose synthase
23In the absorptive state, Amino Acid Metabolism causes ____________ in Skeletal muscle.
- Aincreased protein synthase
- BIncreased uptake of BCAAs
- Cincreased glycogen synthesis
- DFA breakdown
- EProtein breakdown
- Famalgamation of amino acids
24During the absorptive state the grain completely....
- Aoxidizes glucose to CO2 and Water
- Boxidizes glycogen to CO2 and Water
- Coxidizes glycogen to O2 and Water
- Doxidizes glucose to O2 and Water
25What is the main GLUT used in the brain?
- Ainsulin insensitive GLUT-1
- Binsulin sensitive GLUT-1
- Cinsulin insensitive GLUT-3
- Dinsulin sensitive GLUT-3
26During the fasting state, plasma levels of glucose, amino acids and TAG fall triggering a ....
- Adecline in insulin secretion
- Bincrease in insulin secretion
- Cincrease in inulin secretion
- Ddecline in glucagon secretion
- Eincrease in glucagon secretion
27the fasting state is __________
- Acatabolic
- Banabolic
28One of the [blank_start]2[blank_end] priorities during the [blank_start]fasting[blank_end] state is the need to maintain adequate [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] levels of [blank_start]glucose[blank_end] to sustain energy metabolism of the [blank_start]brain,[blank_end] [blank_start]RBC[blank_end]s and other glucose requiring tissues.
- ARBC
- BWBC
- C2
- D3
- Efasting
- Ffed
- Gplasma
- Hblood
- Iglucose
- Jglycogen
- Kbrain,
- Lliver
29The other priority in the [blank_start]fasting[blank_end] state is the need to mobilize [blank_start]fatty[blank_end] acids from [blank_start]adipose[blank_end] tissue, and the synthesis and release of ketone bodies from the [blank_start]liver[blank_end] to supply [blank_start]energy[blank_end] to all other tissues.
- Afasting
- Bfed
- Cfatty
- Damino
- Estarchy
- Fadipose
- Gmuscle
- Hcarbohydrate
- Iliver
- Jkidneys
- Kenergy
30Hepatic _________ maintains blood glucose
- Aglycogenolysis
- Bglucose synthase
- Cglycogen metabolism
- Dosmolarity
- Eglucofructokinase
31Which of these are used in the liver for gluconeogenesis?
- Alactate
- Bglycerol
- Calanine
- Dglucose
32What cycle is important in hepatic gluconeogenesis?
- Athe cori cycle
- Bthe acetyl CoA cycle
- Cthe plasma cycle
- Dcycle against suicide
- Eglucose cycle
33What cannon be used for NET glucose synthesis?
- Aacetyl CoA
- Blactate
- Cglycerol
- Dalanine
34What proteins from muscle are important for net glucose synthesis?
- Aalanine
- Bglutamine
- Casphargine
- Dcalamine
- Eglucomine
35When is the postabsoprtive state?
- Aonce you stop eating
- Bafter an overnight fast
- Cduring the fed state
- Dat the end of the fed state
36What is the early phase of starvation?
- Agluconeogenic phase
- Bglycolysis phase
- Cfasting phase
- Dfed phase
- Ehepatomatic phase
37How long does the gluconeogenic phase last?
- Auntil the 2nd or 3rd day of absolute starvation
- Buntil the end of the 1st day of absolute starvation
- Cuntil the 2nd or 3rd week of absolute starvation
- Duntil the the 7th day of absolute starvation
38When is the period of adaptation to starvation (approx) ?
- Aover the first 3 weeks
- Bover the first 5 days
- Cover the 1st week
- Dover the first year
39During the phase of adaptation to starvation what happens to the active thyroid hormone?
- Alevels increase
- Blevels decrease
- Cit becomes more effective
- Dit becomes less effective
40When does the period of adapted starvation begin?
- Afrom 3 weeks onwards
- Bfrom 3 days onwards
- Cfrom 7 weeks onwards
- Dfrom 7 days onwards
41Initially during fasting, levels of fatty acids in the blood are...
- ARaised
- BDecreased
- CNormal
42During fasting in the liver, fatty acid oxidation provides
- AATP for gluconeogenis
- BATP for glycogenolysis
- CADP for gluconeogenis
- DADP for glycogenolysis
43During fasting, when ,Evelyn of ketone bodies (that are released from the liver) are high, they supply the brain, completely replacing glucose
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
44Ketone bodies prevent...
- AMuscle wasting by decreasing protein degradation
- BWasting of the brain by decreasing protein degradation
- CFatty acid oxidation
- DHunger
- ELethargy
45During the fasting state the pancreas released...
- AGlucagon
- BFatty acids
- CBile
- DKetones
46Basal energy requirements can be reduced by reducing production of the active thyroid hormone up to
- A25%
- B50%
- C100%
- D75%
- E10%
47Late stage fasting occurs after...
- A3 hours
- B3 days
- C10-12 hours
- D6 hours
- E1 day
48During late stage fasting...
- AThere is little to no glycogen left
- BThe body is dependent on hepatic gluconeogenesis
- CGbuconeogensis occurs primarily from lactate glycerol and alanine
49Which of these occur in the liver in fasting?
- AIncreased glycogen degradation
- BIncreased gluconeogenesis
- CIncreased fatty acid oxidation
- DIncreased synthesis of ketone bodies
- EIncreased degradation of TAGs
50Which of these occur in adipose tissue during fasting?
- ACarbohydrate metabolism
- BGLUT4 depressed - decreased glucose uptake
- CIncreased degradation of TAG
- DIncrease release of FAs
- EDecreased uptake of FAs
- FIncreased FA oxidation
51Resting muscle uses .... as a fuel source during fasting
- AFatty acids
- BGlycogen stores
52During fasting which of these does exercising muscle use as fuel?
- AGlycogen stores
- BFatty acids
53What becomes the dominant fuel source in muscle during fasting once all other sources are gone?
- ALactate
- BTAG from adipose tissue
- CGlycogen
- DFatty acids
54In early fasting the brain exclusively uses...
- AGlucose
- BKetones
- CFatty acids
- DProteins
55After 2 weeks of starvation the brain uses ... as a fuel source?
- AGlucose
- BKetones
- CProtein
- DFatty acids
56Which of these are true about the kidney in long term fasting?
- AContains enzymes for gluconeogenesis including glucose 6 phosphate
- BIn late fasting 50% of gluconeogenesis occurs here
- CMaintains pH balance
- DCounteracts acidosis caused by raised ketone bodies in the plasma
- EAlphaKG is used with ammonia as a substrate for gluconeogenesis
- FGlutamine is converted to alphKG
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Quiz on Biochem - regulation of metabolism in the fed and fasting states, created by Alannah McDonnell on 05/03/2018.
- Autor
- Alannah McDonnell
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 1.312
- Verlauf
- Erstellt am 5 Mär 2018 · aktualisiert am 3 Mai 2018
- Schlagwörter
- Bewertung
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