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Beschreibung
Quiz von Lorra Wicker, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Lorra Wicker
vor etwa 4 Jahre
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Frage 1
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Critical thinking is ________.
Antworten
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A. applying a set of skills to find information about a controversial topic
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B. applying a set of skills to understand and evaluate information
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C. applying information to understand and evaluate social phenomena
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D. reviewing information on the Internet to develop a critical opinion on it
Frage 2
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2. Which of the following defines hypothesis?
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A. idea that proves a theory
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B. means of explaining social phenomena
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C. tentative explanation
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D. way of looking at the world
Frage 3
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Psychology refers to the ________.
Antworten
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A. empirical study of humanity
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B. experimental study of individuals
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C. scientific study of the mind
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D. systematic study of human interaction
Frage 4
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Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study ________.
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A. only behavior
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B. only the mind
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C. the mind and behavior
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D. the soul, the mind, and behavior
Frage 5
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When was psychology accepted as an academic discipline?
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A. 1600s
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B. 1700s
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C. 1800s
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D. 1900s
Frage 6
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What is a PsyD?
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A. Doctor of Philosophy
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B. Doctor of Psychiatry
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C. Doctor of Psychoanalysis
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D. Doctor of Psychology
Frage 7
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Who was the first person referred to as a psychologist?
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A. Wolfgang Köhler
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B. Sigmund Freud
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C. Wilhelm Wundt
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D. William James
Frage 8
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Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible.
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A. another person’s consciousness
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B. her own conscious experience
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C. her own subconscious experience
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D. the social construction of consciousness
Frage 9
Frage
William James was the ________.
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A. author of the first psychology textbook
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B. father of psychology
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C. first American psychologist
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D. first psychoanalyst
Frage 10
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Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ________ and early childhood experiences.
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A. a person’s consciousness
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B. a person’s unconscious
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C. fetal development
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D. sexual identity
Frage 11
Frage
According to William James, the purpose of psychology was to ________.
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A. interpret dreams
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B. manipulate human behavior
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C. study the function of behavior
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D. study the structure and characteristics of the mind
Frage 12
Frage
Which of the following psychologists was a behaviorist?
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A. John Watson
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B. Sigmund Freud
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C. Wilhelm Wundt
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D. William James
Frage 13
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15. Behaviorists study ________.
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A. a person’s unconscious mind
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B. chemical and hormonal changes
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C. dreams
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D. learned behavior
Frage 14
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________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.
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A. behaviorism
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B. gestalt
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C. humanism
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D. structuralism
Frage 15
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What is Abraham Maslow best known for?
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A. classical conditioning
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B. dream analysis
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C. proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior
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D. studying the influence of reinforcement and punishment on behavior
Frage 16
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Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States?
Antworten
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A. Carl Rogers
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B. Francis Cecil Sumner
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C. Naomi Weisstein
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D. Noam Chomsky
Frage 17
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Why do scientists refer to Charles Darwin’s ideas about evolution as the theory of evolution?
Antworten
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A. After numerous hypotheses were developed by Charles Darwin, they were collected together into a theory.
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B. Contemporary scientists do not accept it as a viable way of looking at the world.
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C. Evolution only works theoretically.
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D. It is the best understanding that we have of that part of the natural world.
Frage 18
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Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first?
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A. data collection
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B. experiment
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C. hypothesis
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D. observation
Frage 19
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Guillermo spends some time each day applying the principles of structuralism to examine his own conscious experience as carefully as possible. Guillermo is engaged in ________.
Antworten
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A. behaviorism
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B. client-centered therapy
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C. introspection
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D. psychoanalysis
Frage 20
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Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________.
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A. explaining the subconscious
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B. the operation of individual parts of the mind
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C. the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts
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D. understanding the id, ego, and superego
Frage 21
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In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the ________ include food, water, and shelter.
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A. basic survival needs
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B. comfort objects
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C. higher-level needs
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D. wants
Frage 22
Frage
Marta is pursuing a graduate degree in psychology. As part of her program she must write a long research paper based on the data she spent the last year gathering. What is the long research paper called?
Antworten
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A. dissertation
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B. PhD
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C. postdoctoral
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D. PsyD
Frage 23
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The cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding ________.
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A. emotions and cultural norms that underlie emotional responses
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B. genetics and the evolutionary adaptations that underlie behavior
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C. stimulus-response and the instincts that underlie human reaction to pain
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D. the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior
Frage 24
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Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________.
Antworten
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A. genetics and the effect of genetics on behavior
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B. sensation and the effect of culture on perception
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C. the effect of gender, race, and class on behavior
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D. thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions
Frage 25
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Which kind of psychological area does the work of Jean Piaget exemplify?
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A. biopsychology
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B. developmental psychology
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C. personality psychology
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D. sensation and perception
Frage 26
Frage
Which theorist published research related to the psychology of personality?
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A. Charles Darwin
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B. Jean Piaget
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C. Noam Chomsky
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D. Sigmund Freud
Frage 27
Frage
When studying personality traits, someone who is quiet, reserved, and withdrawn will score low on the ________ trait.
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A. agreeableness
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B. extroversion
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C. neuroticism
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D. openness
Frage 28
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When studying personality traits, someone who is calm, even-tempered, and secure will score low on the ________ trait.
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A. agreeableness
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B. conscientiousness
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C. neuroticism
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D. openness
Frage 29
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Which theorist had the most influence in shaping how clinicians interact with people seeking psychotherapy?
Antworten
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A. Abraham Maslow
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B. Carl Rogers
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C. Wilhelm Wundt
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D. William James
Frage 30
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Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?
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A. clinical psychology
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B. cognitive psychology
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C. organizational psychology
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D. social psychology
Frage 31
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Select the correctly ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed first.
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A. humanism, behaviorism, structuralism, functionalism
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B. humanism, structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism
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C. structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism
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D. structuralism, functionalism, humanism, behaviorism
Frage 32
Frage
Which of the following is not involved in critical thinking?
Antworten
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A. knowing your opinion is correct
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B. maintaining an attitude of skepticism
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C. making use of logical thinking
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D. recognizing internal biases
Frage 33
Frage
Why is psychology considered a social science?
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A. Because psychologists study groups and how groups interact.
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B. Because psychology is not considered a hard science.
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C. Behavior is biological, and our behavior is influenced by our interactions with others.
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D. Behavior is unpredictable, so scientists study it.
Frage 34
Frage
According to Sigmund Freud, all of the following represent ways to access the unconscious mind except through ________.
Antworten
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A. dream analysis
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B. examination of the first words that come to someone’s mind
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C. seemingly innocent slips of the tongue
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D. the use of reinforcement and punishment
Frage 35
Frage
Behaviorists all focus on ________.
Antworten
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A. individual attitudes
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B. physiological responses that result in action
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C. the internal motivation for action
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D. the subconscious
Frage 36
Frage
In developmental psychology, there is an increasing interest in researching cognitive changes that occur later in life. Why?
Antworten
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A. The elderly are contracting more cognitive diseases.
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B. People in developed nations revere the elderly.
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C. Populations of developed nations are living longer.
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D. Populations of developing nations are dying sooner.
Frage 37
Frage
According to the biopsychosocial model, what determines health?
Antworten
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A. applying biological principles to the psychology of a healthy social life
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B. interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors
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C. primarily biology; individual psychology and social factors are sometimes relevant
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D. successful application of biopsychological principles to social life
Frage 38
Frage
79. Which of the following is a feminist criticism of the science of psychology?
Antworten
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A. Male bias exists in science.
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B. Male psychologists assume that their results do not apply to women.
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C. Male psychologists do not pay enough attention to relationships.
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D. Male psychologists emphasize objective data over subjective data.
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