Frage 1
Frage
Psychological researchers study genetics in order to better understand the ________ that contributes to certain behaviors.
Antworten
-
biology
-
neurology
-
psychology
-
physiology
Frage 2
Frage
A difference in ________ can explain why one person dies from a disease and another person survives.
Antworten
-
behavior
-
evolution
-
genetics
-
nurture
Frage 3
Frage
Human eggs and sperm each contain 23 ________, which are composed of long strands of ________.
Antworten
-
chromosomes; DNA
-
chromosomes; genes
-
DNA; genes
-
genes; DNA
Frage 4
Frage
Wendy’s mother has blue eyes and her father has brown eyes. The allele for brown eye color is dominant (B) to the allele for blue eye color (b), but Wendy has blue eyes. Therefore, Wendy’s ________ must be ________ and her father’s must be Bb.
Antworten
-
genotype; Bb
-
genotype; bb
-
phenotype; Bb
-
phenotype; bb
Frage 5
Frage
Polygenic means that most traits are controlled by ________.
Frage 6
Frage
The ________ of a neuron contain ________ that house neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers of the nervous system.
Antworten
-
axons; terminal buttons
-
dendrites; synaptic vesicles
-
terminal buttons; synaptic vesicles
-
terminal buttons; transport proteins
Frage 7
Frage
The myelin sheath consists of a(n) ________.
Antworten
-
axon
-
glial cell
-
soma
-
terminal button
Frage 8
Frage
The space between two neurons is called the ________.
Antworten
-
soma
-
synapse
-
terminal button
-
vesicle
Frage 9
Frage
Agonists bind to ________ and antagonists bind to ________.
Antworten
-
receptors; nothing, since they do not bind
-
receptors; receptors
-
receptors; the cell membrane
-
the cell membrane; receptors
Frage 10
Frage
In a resting state, sodium (Na+) is at a higher concentration outside the cell and potassium (K+) is more concentrated inside the cell. During an action potential, the sodium levels ________ inside the cell.
Frage 11
Frage
Hyperpolarization means that the ________.
Frage 12
Frage
________ is the electrical signal that typically moves from the cell body down the axon to the axon terminals.
Antworten
-
action potential
-
depolarization
-
hyperpolarization
-
threshold of excitation
Frage 13
Frage
Which one of the following processes does not occur to excess neurotransmitters in the synapse?
Antworten
-
break down into inactive fragments
-
collection by scavenger vesicles left over from the neurotransmitter release
-
drifting away from the synapse
-
reuptake
Frage 14
Frage
Psychotropic medications are drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring ________ balance.
Antworten
-
emotional
-
GABA
-
neurotransmitter
-
serotonin
Frage 15
Frage
Which two neurotransmitters have roles in appetite suppression?
Antworten
-
dopamine; acetylcholine
-
dopamine; norepinephrine
-
serotonin; GABA
-
serotonin; glutamate
Frage 16
Frage
________ is a neurotransmitter with roles in pleasure and pain modulation.
Antworten
-
acetylcholine
-
beta-endorphin
-
GABA
-
norepinephrine
Frage 17
Frage
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for ________.
Frage 18
Frage
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________.
Antworten
-
autonomic; somatic nervous systems
-
autonomic; sympathetic nervous systems
-
central; peripheral nervous systems
-
parasympathetic; sympathetic nervous systems
Frage 19
Frage
The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.
Antworten
-
autonomic
-
parasympathetic
-
somatic
-
sympathetic
Frage 20
Frage
The ________ nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion and causing the bladder to contract.
Antworten
-
autonomic
-
parasympathetic
-
somatic
-
sympathetic
Frage 21
Frage
________ is a state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) are maintained at optimal levels.
Antworten
-
homeostasis
-
resting potential
-
reuptake
-
synergy
Frage 22
Frage
Which of the following is not a part of the fight or flight response?
Frage 23
Frage
The brain contains ________ of interconnected neurons and glia.
Antworten
-
billions
-
tens of thousands
-
thousands
-
millions
Frage 24
Frage
The central nervous system consists of the brain and the ________.
Antworten
-
brainstem
-
internal organs
-
peripheral nerves
-
spinal cord
Frage 25
Frage
The ________ is the deep groove that separates the brain into two halves
Antworten
-
central gyrus
-
central sulci
-
hemisphere
-
longitudinal fissure
Frage 26
Frage
Which of the following higher level processes is not a function of the cerebral cortex?
Antworten
-
breathing
-
emotion
-
memory
-
reasoning
Frage 27
Frage
Which of the following areas is located in the frontal lobe of the brain
Antworten
-
Broca’s area
-
hippocampus
-
thalamus
-
Wernicke’s area
Frage 28
Frage
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the case study of Phineas Gage’s accident, which led to brain injury?
Antworten
-
Frontal lobe injury causes people to be incapable of controlling their emotional impulses.
-
Injury to the brain causes changes in behavior, but specific brain areas are not linked to specific behaviors.
-
Injury to the frontal lobe does not affect behavior.
-
Injury to the brain causes changes in behavior, and specific brain areas are linked to particular behaviors.
Frage 29
Frage
The somatosensory cortex is responsible for processing ________.
Antworten
-
cognition and emotion
-
language, such as speech
-
motor information to body areas, such as arms, legs, and face
-
temperature, touch, and pain
Frage 30
Frage
Broca’s area is located in which lobe of the brain?
Antworten
-
frontal
-
occipital
-
parietal
-
temporal
Frage 31
Frage
Which of the following senses is not routed through the thalamus?
Antworten
-
audition
-
smell
-
taste
-
vision
Frage 32
Frage
Which of the following is not a forebrain structure?
Antworten
-
amygdala
-
hippocampus
-
pons
-
thalamus
Frage 33
Frage
Randolf is walking down the street of his hometown, after being away for several years, when he smells the scent of freshly baked pie coming from a local baker. He suddenly has vivid memories of walking down this street as a child, holding both of his parents’ hands, and swinging between them, feeling relaxed and happy. This is because the sense of smell projects directly to the ________, which is responsible for ________ memories.
Antworten
-
basal ganglia; childhood
-
basal ganglia; emotional
-
limbic system; childhood
-
limbic system; emotional
Frage 34
Frage
The ________ is involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories.
Antworten
-
amygdala
-
corpus callosum
-
hypothalamus
-
pons
Frage 35
Frage
________ is a neurotransmitter involved in mood, reward, addiction, and motor behavior.
Antworten
-
acetylcholine
-
dopamine
-
glutamate
-
serotonin
Frage 36
Frage
Which of the following is not a hindbrain structure?
Antworten
-
amygdala
-
cerebellum
-
medulla
-
pons
Frage 37
Frage
The ________ extends through the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain.
Antworten
-
cerebellum
-
medulla
-
pons
-
reticular formation
Frage 38
Frage
The ________ receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills.
Antworten
-
cerebellum
-
sensory cortex
-
substantia nigra
-
ventral tegmental area
Frage 39
Frage
The ________ connects the brain and the spinal cord.
Antworten
-
cerebellum
-
corpus callosum
-
medulla
-
pons
Frage 40
Frage
The endocrine system consists of a series of glands that produce chemical substances known as ________.
Antworten
-
factors
-
hormones
-
neurotransmitters
-
proteins