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Quiz von gina_evans0312, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von gina_evans0312
vor mehr als 10 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Give an example of a Class 1 Onocgene- Growth Factors
Antworten
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Erb-B
-
ERK
-
Sis
Frage 2
Frage
What is the function of the sis protein?
Antworten
-
Forms a PDGF(Beta) chain
-
Forms a IPGF(Beta) chain
-
Forms a IGF1(Beta) chain
Frage 3
Frage
Name the two ways a cell can access extra Growth factor
Antworten
-
A virus produces extra growth factor as it replicates
-
A cell begins to make it's own growth factor through growth factor genes
-
A cell begins to steal growth factor from surrounding cells
Frage 4
Frage
Name the Class 2 oncogene
Antworten
-
Growth Factor Receptors
-
Growth Factors
-
Intracellular Transducers
Frage 5
Frage
Name a Class 2 Oncogene
Antworten
-
Erb-B
-
Sis
-
IGF1
-
TGFB
Frage 6
Frage
How does Erb-b become oncogene?
Antworten
-
....bind permanently to their ligand and so become constitutionally active
-
... no longer need their ligand to activate become constitutionally active
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...form a constitutionally active dimer
-
...no longer needs to dimerise to activate
Frage 7
Frage
What is erb-b?
Antworten
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Family of tyrosine kinase receptors that bind to EGF
-
Family of tyrosine kinase receptors that bind to TGFB
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Family of tyrosine kinase receptors that bind to IGF1
Frage 8
Frage
Similarly, in 'neu' receptors, what replaces the Valine to make a constantly active receptor?
Antworten
-
Glutamine
-
Glutamic Acid
-
Glutamate
Frage 9
Frage
What is Herceptin?
Antworten
-
A tyrosine kinase agonist?
-
A humanised monoclonal antibody
-
An Erb-B agonist
Frage 10
Frage
What does Herceptin bind to?
Antworten
-
Erb B
-
HER2
-
Tyrosine Kinase
Frage 11
Frage
Name the 3rd Class of Oncogenes
Antworten
-
Growth factors
-
Transcription factors
-
Intracellular transducers
Frage 12
Frage
Which of the following is a class 3A oncogoene?
Antworten
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Erb-B
-
Src
-
c-myc
Frage 13
Frage
What determines the types of src tyrosine kinase present in the cell?
Antworten
-
The cell type
-
The stage of the cell cycle
-
The age of the cycle
Frage 14
Frage
What is the role of Cellular Transducers
Antworten
-
Relay information to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription
-
Relay information to the ribosomes to regulate protein synthesis
-
Relay information to the Golgi Complex to regulate cell receptor production
Frage 15
Frage
What allows Src to stick to the cytoplasm
Antworten
-
A modified lipid
-
A modified glycoprotein
-
A modified phospholipid
Frage 16
Frage
Name the substance that anchors src to the membrane
Antworten
-
Myristate
-
Palmatite
-
Acetylate
Frage 17
Frage
What holds src kinase shut in its inactive form?
Antworten
-
A phosphate on Tyr 527 in its inactive form & the SH2 domain
-
A phosphate on Tyr 527 in its inactive form & the SH3 domain
-
A phosphate on Tyr 537 in its inactive form & the SH2 domain
Frage 18
Frage
Put the following domains of Src in order
A- Unique Domain
B- Sh2 Domain
C-Catalytic Domain
D- Regulatory Domain
E- SH3
Antworten
-
A-B-E-C-D
-
A-B-C-D-E
-
A-B-D-E-C
Frage 19
Frage
What is the focus of an SH3 domain?
Antworten
-
Protein- protein interaction
-
Protein- phosphotyrosine interaction
-
Protein-phosphoserine interactoin
Frage 20
Frage
What sequence is favored by SH3 domains?
Antworten
-
Proline rich; Pro-X-X-Pro
-
Histadine rich; His-X-X-His
-
Gycine rich; Gy-X-X-Gly
Frage 21
Frage
What is required for Src to activate?
Antworten
-
For the protein to be at the membrane
-
For the protein to be cytosolic
-
The SH2 domain then releases the regulatory domain and binds to P-Tyrosine Kinase
Frage 22
Frage
What happens to the regulatory domain once the SH2 domain has released it?
Antworten
-
It's dephosphorylated by a phosphatase at the membrane at Tyr 527
-
It's phosphorylated by the tyrosine kinase at Tyr 527
-
Nothing
Frage 23
Frage
What tyrosine residue is phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase?
Antworten
-
416 on the activation lip
-
417 on the activation lip
-
418 on the activation lip
Frage 24
Frage
What is the most common oncogene form of src?
Antworten
-
Loss of regulatory domain (last 19 amino acids) so it cannot be phosphorylated
-
Loss of SH2 domain so it cannot bind to regulatory domain when phosphorylated
-
Modified lipid binds permanently to the membrane
Frage 25
Frage
Ras is the name of a small family of what?
Antworten
-
GTPase's
-
ATPase's
-
UTPase's
Frage 26
Frage
What process localyses Ras to the membrane?
Antworten
-
Acetylation
-
Methylation
-
Farnesylation
Frage 27
Frage
What is sos?
Antworten
-
A GAP
-
A GEF
-
A GDI
Frage 28
Frage
Where does GTP bind to ras?
Antworten
-
At the C and N terminus
-
In the centre
Frage 29
Frage
What is the purpose of the discrete domain of Ras
Antworten
-
To bind GTP
-
To bind GDP
-
To bind downstream molecules
Frage 30
Frage
What are GDI's?
Antworten
-
Guanine Nucleotide Disassociation Inhibitors
-
Guanine Nucleotide Dimerisation Inhibitors
-
Gunanine Nucleotide Decamerisation Inhibitors
Frage 31
Frage
What is the purpose of a GDI and how it controlled?
Antworten
-
By molecules recruited to the tyrosine receptor
-
Bind to Ras and prevent activation
-
Bind to Ras and prevent de-activation
Frage 32
Frage
In which domains can a single mutation turn Ras into an oncogene?
Antworten
-
L1
-
L2
-
L3
-
L4
-
L5
Frage 33
Frage
What is the role of GRB2
Antworten
-
Binds Ras to membrane
-
Binds Ras to TK receptor
-
Binds Ras to Raf
Frage 34
Frage
How many SH2 domains does GRB2 have?
Antworten
-
2- both in the middle
-
2- one on each end
-
1 in the middle
-
1 at the N terminus
-
1 at the C terminus
Frage 35
Frage
What protein is used by Src to activate Ras?
Antworten
-
Srk
-
Sch
-
Shc
Frage 36
Frage
How does src phosphorylate the protein that activates Ras?
Antworten
-
Binds to SH3 domain
-
Binds to SH2 domain
-
Binds to discrete domain
Frage 37
Frage
Name the two proteins for which phosphorylated Shc has a very high affinity?
Antworten
-
Ras
-
Sos
-
GRB2
-
GDI
Frage 38
Frage
Name the 4th class of oncogenes
Antworten
-
Growth factors
-
Cellular Transporters
-
Growth Factor Receptors
-
Transcription factors
Frage 39
Frage
Name a class 4 oncogene
Antworten
-
Src
-
Ras
-
Jun
Frage 40
Frage
Name the part of c-jun that causes dimerisation
Antworten
-
Leu Zipper
-
His zipper
-
Ala zipper
Frage 41
Frage
Where is the unique sequence of c-jun and what is it's role?
Antworten
-
Near the center
-
Near the c-terminus
-
Near the n-terminus
-
Defines family member
-
Determines where in the DNA c-jun binds
Frage 42
Frage
Put the domains of C-jun in the correct order A-Leu Zipper B- Delta Domain C-Transcription Domain D- Unique Domain E- DNA Binding Domain
Antworten
-
D-B-C-E-A
-
D-E-A-B-C
-
C-A-D-B-E
Frage 43
Frage
How does C-jun function
Antworten
-
As a homodimer
-
As a heterodimer
-
As both
Frage 44
Frage
What is the first step of c-jun homodimer activation?
Antworten
-
Dephosphorylation by PKC
-
Phosphorylation by JNK (ERK parallel protein)
Frage 45
Frage
What is the second step of c-jun homodimer activation?
Antworten
-
Dephosphorylation by PKB
-
Phosphorylation by JNK
Frage 46
Frage
What part(s) of c-jun is lost to make it an oncogene?
Antworten
-
Unique sequence
-
Delta Domain
-
Leu zipper
Frage 47
Frage
Name a protein likely to form a heterodimer with c-jun
Antworten
-
AFK
-
AFT
-
AFR
Frage 48
Frage
What tends to be transcribed by the first c-jun heterodimer to form?
Antworten
-
c-jun
-
AFK
-
Fos
Frage 49
Frage
What is the second protein to heterodimerise with c-jun?
Antworten
-
Fos
-
Fas
-
Fis
Frage 50
Frage
What is the name of the second heterodimer formed by c-jun?
Antworten
-
AP1
-
Ap2
-
AP
Frage 51
Frage
What is required for Fos transcription?
Antworten
-
TCF/AFK to be activated by ERK
-
AFK to be activated by ERK
-
TCF to be activated by ERK
Frage 52
Frage
What sequences does AP1 bind to?
Antworten
-
TGAC
-
GTAC
-
GGAC
Frage 53
Frage
What is transcribed by AP1?
Antworten
-
Transcription factors
-
Ribosomal proteins
-
Growth factors
Frage 54
Frage
Is Cyclin D1 transcribed by Jun?
Antworten
-
Yes
-
No
Frage 55
Frage
What happens if the signal activating AP1 persists for 30 mins?
Antworten
-
It's activity is increased further by phosphorylation
-
It's activity is increased further by methylation
-
By Jnk/Erk
Frage 56
Frage
What transcribes C-Myc?
Antworten
-
API
-
Fos
-
c-Jun
Frage 57
Frage
How long is the half life of C-myc?
Antworten
-
5-10 mins
-
5-10 seconds
-
3-5 mins
Frage 58
Frage
What does Myc bind to in order to interact with E-Box sequences?
Antworten
-
Max
-
Mad
-
Mac
Frage 59
Frage
Why is Ubiquitin ligase transcribed by c-myc?
Antworten
-
Halts protein turnover & allows protein levels to build up
-
Increases protein turnover so only new proteins are involved in the cell cycle
Frage 60
Frage
In normal cells, which of the following is in excess, and why?
Antworten
-
Max, so the dimer only forms when Myc levels are signaled to rise
-
Mic, so the dimer only forms when Max levels are signalled to rise
Frage 61
Frage
How are Max homodimers inhibitory?
Antworten
-
They block jun transcription sites
-
They block jun expression promoters
-
They block myc expression promoters
Frage 62
Frage
What is different in tumor cells from normal cells (concerning myc/max levels)?
Antworten
-
Myc levels are always higher than Max
-
Max levels are always higher than myc
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