Proto-Oncogenes & Loss of Growth Control

Question	Answer
Oncogene	Gene who's abnormal/mutated expression causes production of a malignant phenotype
Proto-oncogene	Cellular homologue from which oncogene is derived
Tumor Suppressor	Encodes a protein restricting cell growth
Conversion to Oncogene - Deletion/Point mutation	Normal amounts of hyperactive proteins
Conversion to Oncogene - Gene Fusion	Hyperactive fusion protein
Conversion to Oncogene - Chromosome Rearrangement	Varies- Near a strong promoter, you get increased levels of normal protein
Conversion to Oncogene - Gene Replication	Amplified levels of normal protein
No of Oncogene Classifications (At G0/G1 border	4
Competence Factors	Increases production of cell cycle regulators
Example of a Progression Factor	EGF, PDGF, FGF
Progression Factors	Must increase in conjunction with CF's, or the CF's are degraded and the cell remains in G0
Example of Progression Factors	Insulin or IGF1
Inhibitor Factors	Prevent accidental entering of mitotic cycle (must be absent for G1 to be entered)
Example of Inhibitory Factors	TGFB
Acutely Transforming Retroviruses	Viruses containing a viral oncogene
No of Class of Tyrosine Kinase	9- each has different signalling molecules

Resource summary

	Created by gina_evans0312 over 10 years ago