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Reactivity Series Done

Maxime PANS Chemistry Yr 10 Englisch 50 Karten

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  1. 1Reactivity Series in the Group 1- Reactivity of Group 1 Metals Increases as You Go Down the Group
    - Each Outer Shell Contains Only One
    - Electron, When Group 1 Metals React, they will Lose One Outer Electron to Get a Full Outer Shell of Electrons
    - More shells as you go down due to more electrons
    - This Means that the Outer Electron is Further Away from the Nucleus so there are Weaker Electrostatic Forces of Attraction
    - This Requires Less Energy to Overcome the Electrostatic Forces of Attraction
    - Between the Negatively Charged
    - Electron and the Positively Charged Nucleus
    - This Allows the Electron to be Lost Easily, Making it More Reactive as You Go Down the Group
  2. 2Reactivity Series in the Group 7- Reactivity of Group 7 Non - Metals Increases as You Go Up
    - Each Outer Shell Contains Seven
    - Electrons and When Group 7 Metals
    - React, they will Need to Gain One Outer Electron to Get a Full Outer Shell of Electrons
    - As You Go Up Group 7, the Number of Shells of Electrons Decreases (Period Number Decreases Up the Periodic Table)
    - This Means that the Outer Electrons are Closer to the Nucleus so there are Stronger Electrostatic Forces of Attraction that Attracts the Extra Electron Needed
    - This Allows the Electron to be Attracted More Readily, Making it More Reactive as You Go Up the Group
  3. 3PotassiumREACTS WITH WATER
    REACTS WITH ACID
  4. 4SodiumREACTS WITH WATER
    REACTS WITH ACID
  5. 5LithiumREACTS WITH WATER
    REACTS WITH ACID
  6. 6CalciumREACTS WITH WATER
    REACTS WITH ACID
  7. 7MagnesiumREACTS WITH ACID
  8. 8AluminiumREACTS WITH ACID
  9. 9ZincREACTS WITH ACID
  10. 10IronREACTS WITH ACID
  11. 11CopperREACTS WITH NOTHING
  12. 12SilverREACTS WITH NOTHING
  13. 13GoldREACTS WITH NOTHING
  14. 14Reaction : Potassium with WaterViolently
    Melts into a Shiny Ball that Dashes Around the Surface
    Burns with a Lilac - Coloured Flame
  15. 15Reaction : Sodium with WaterVery Quickly
    Bubbles of Gas
    Melts into a Shiny Ball that Dashes Around the Surface
  16. 16Reaction : Lithium with WaterQuickly
    Bubbles of Gas
  17. 17Reaction: Calcium with WaterMore Slowly
    Bubbles of Gas
    White Precipitate Produced
  18. 18Reaction: Potassium with AcidVigorously
    Bubbles of Gas
    Potassium Disappears
  19. 19Reaction: Sodium with AcidVigorously
    Bubbles of Gas
    Sodium Disappears
  20. 20Reaction: Lithium with AcidVigorously
    Bubbles of Gas
    Lithium Disappears
  21. 21Reaction: Calcium with AcidVigorously
    Bubbles of Gas
    Calcium Disappears
  22. 22Reaction: Magnesium with AcidQuickly
    Bubbles of Gas
    Magnesium Disappears
    Exothermic
    Colourless Solution Formed
  23. 23Reaction: Zinc with AcidMore More Slowly
    Bubbles of Gas
    Zinc Disappears
    Colourless Solution Formed
  24. 24Reaction: Iron with AcidMore Slowly than Zinc
    Bubbles of Gas
    Iron Disappears
    Pale Green Solution Formed
  25. 25The 4 Main Gases in the AirNitrogen - 78%
    Oxygen - 21%
    Argon - 0.94%
    Carbon Dioxide - 0.04%
  26. 26Finding out the % by Volume of oxygen in the air using metals1. Place Wet Iron Fillings at the End of a Burette
    2. Use a Clamp to Hold the Burette Vertically in the Trough of Water
    3.Measure and Note the Starting Height of the Water Level in the Burette
    4.Leave Apparatus for Several Days
    5.Measure and Note the Final Height of the Water Level in the Burette
  27. 27Equation to find out the % of oxygenVolume of Oxygen used / Volume of Oxygen at the start
  28. 28Explanation of Global Warming1.The Sun Emits Rays that Enters the Earth’s Atmosphere
    2.The Heat is Emitted Back from the Earth’s Surface
    3.Some Heat is Reflected Back Out into Space
    4.But Some Heat is Absorbed by Greenhouse Gasses Such as Carbon Dioxide and is Trapped Within the Earth’s Atmosphere so Causes the Earth’s 5.Average Temperature to Rise as a Result
  29. 29Consequences of Global Warming1.Climate Change due to Increase in Earth’s Temperature
    2.Water Levels will Rise as Glaciers will Melt because of High Temperatures
    3.Extinction of Species due to Inhabitable Environment
    4.Migration of Species as they will Move to Areas that are More Habitable (No Droughts)
    5.Spread of Diseases caused by the Cold Climate
    6.Loss of Habitat due to Climate Change (Animals that Live on Glaciers)
  30. 30Reactivity of MetalsMost Reactive
    Potassium
    Sodium
    Lithium
    Calcium
    Magnesium
    Aluminium
    Zinc
    Iron
    Copper
    Silver
    Gold
    Least Reactive
  31. 31Metal + OxygenMetal Oxide
  32. 32Metal + WaterMetal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
  33. 33Metal + AcidMetal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
  34. 34Metal Carbonate + HeatMetal Oxide + Carbon Dioxide
  35. 35Combustion with HydrogenExothermic
    Water is Produced 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
  36. 36Combustion with SulphurBlue Flame
    Colourless Gas Produced S + O2 → SO2
  37. 37What is RustingRusting is the Oxidation of Iron
  38. 38Reaction of RustingIron + Oxygen ----> iron (III) oxide
    Water
    4Fe + 3O2 ----> 2Fe2O3
  39. 39Conditions that speed up RustingWater speeds up the process very much. Any form of water even water vapour. The more humid the place is the quicker an object will rust.
  40. 40Barrier MethodsBarrier methods are ways that you can reduce the rate of reaction or temporarily stop the reaction from happening. These methods are called barrier methods.
    Paint ( Cars )
    Oil/ Grease ( Bike Gears )
    Plastic Coatings
    They work by sealing the iron away from the oxygen and water. This adds a protective coating that makes sure that the barrier method itself corrodes instead of the iron.
  41. 41GalvanisationGalvanising is a process where you apply a protective zinc coating to iron or steel to prevent it from rusting.
    You would charge the object a certain charge (e.g positive) and then the zinc metal coating would be oppositely charged (e.g negative) this caused a adhesive process which makes the thin layer.
    Certain objects have more use of galvanising than others. e.g Car than iron rods in concrete.
  42. 42Sacrificial ProtectionSacrificial protection is a piece of more reactive metal (zinc) that protects the iron or steel. The zinc acts as a cathode It acts as a shield that will corrode itself but not allow the iron to by connecting itself directly or with a wire.
  43. 43What are Displacement ReactionDisplacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound. Both metals and nonmetals take part in displacement reactions. Example : Reaction of iron nails with copper sulphate solution.
  44. 44What is OxidationAddition of Oxygen
    Or
    Removal of Hydrogen
  45. 45What is ReductionAddition of Hydrogen
    Or
    Removal of Oxygen
  46. 46What is OIL RIG mean?O xitation
    I s
    L oss of e-
    R eduction
    I s
    G ain of e-
  47. 47Affects of Acid RainIron corrodes
    Limestone buildings corrode
    Plants die
    Aquatic animals die
  48. 48Crystalisation1.Evaporate some of the water to create a saturated solution (check using a glass rod, if crystals form on it, the solution is saturated)
    2.Leave solution to cool so that crystals form – the salt is less soluble in cold water
    3.Remove crystals by filtering , then leave to dry on a filter paper.
  49. 49Why do we always add excess?to ensure that the other reagent has fully reacted. The excess can be removed by filtration.
  50. 50What does RAM stand for?Relative Atomic Mass

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Beschreibung
Yr 10 Chemistry (Gases and Reactivity Series) Karteikarten am Reactivity Series Done, erstellt von Maxime PANS am 26/03/2018.
Erstellt von
Maxime PANS · Mär 2018
Aktualisiert
6 Apr 2018
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