Karteikarten
Week 4 Study Guide
Karten in diesem Stapel (37)
- 1Interactionist perspectivePlays an important role in contemporary criminology and deviance theory. Deviance is viewed as a subjectively probelmatic identity rather than an objective condition of behavior.
- 2Interactionionist literatureEmphases on two major areas...
1. The conditions under which the label deviant comes to be applied to an individual and the consequences for the individual having adopted that label.
2. The role of social control agents' in contributing to the application of deviant labels. - 3Primary methodology tool employed to construct our identity change process model"Grounded analysis"
- 4Spoiled identityWhat obese people suffer from because they suffer internally (negative self concept) and externally (discrimination).
- 5The site for field observations had to meet two requirements, what are they?1. It had to contain a high proportion of obsese, or formally obese individuals.
2. These individuals had to be identifiable by the observer. - 6Initial field observations30 to 100 members with an average attendance of around 60 members.
Most of these were rejoins.
Most were white females.
Average age was 30-50. - 7Two types of data collectionsField observations and in-depth interviews.
- 8Identity changeMust be viewed on two levels.
Public and in private level. - 9Status cuesStatus cues make up the public or external component of the identity change process
- 10Status cues are transmitted in what two ways?Actively and passively
- 11Active cuesCommunicated through interaction.
Example: people are informed by peers friends spouses that they are overweight - 12Passive cuesThese cues exist within the environment, but the individual must be sensitized in some way to that information.
Example: standing on a scale will provide an individual with information about weight . - 13RecognizingThis term refers to the cognitive process by which an individual becomes aware that a particular status is no longer appropriate.
- 14PlacingThe cognitive process whereby an individual comes to identify an appropriate status from among those available
- 15New statusThe final phase of the identity change process involves the acceptance of a new status .
- 16Self evidentialityThis refers to the degree to which a person who possesses certain objectives status characteristics is aware that a particular status label applies to them.
- 17Identity confusionFeeling different from others, struggling with the acknowledgment of same-sex attractions
- 18Four stages of identity confusion1. Initial confusion
2. Finding and applying the label
3. Settling into the identity
4. Continued uncertainty - 19Anorexia20 to 25% loss of initial bodyweight occurs, resulting from self starvation alone or in combination with excessive exercising occasional binge eating vomiting and or laxative abuse
- 20BulimiaBinge eating followed by vomiting or laxative abuse. Weight is normal or close to normal.
- 21Theories of etiology1. The ego psychological
2. The family systems
3. The endocrinological - 22Primary devianceRefers to a transitory of Norm violations which do not affect an individuals self concept or performance of social roles.
- 23Secondary devianceRefers to norm violations which are a response to societies labeling.
Secondary deviation becomes a means of social defense, attack or adaption to the overt and covert problems created by the societal reaction to primary deviance. - 24Causes of rape- irresistible impulse
- disease of the mind - 25ExcusesAdmit the act was bad or inappropriate but deny full responsibility, often through appeals to accident or biological drive or through scapegoating.
- 26JustificationsAccepts responsibility for the act but deny that it was wrong
- 27Justifying rape1. Women as seductresses
2. Women mean " yes" when they say "no"
3. Most women eventually relax and enjoy it
4. Nice girls don't get raped
5. Only a minor wrongdoing - 28Excusing rape1. The use of alcohol or drugs
2. Emotional problems
3. Nice guy image - 29Aryan stigma visionTheir utopian vision is of a racially exclusive world dominated by Aryans.
- 30Responses to conformity pressures of family and friends1. Leading a double life
2. Strategic silence
3. Selective disclosure - 31Managing expressive constraints at work and school1. Avoiding others
2. False fronts
3. Strategic silence - 32Vocabulary of attributionAssigns blame to them based on their individual failures rather than to the unequal opportunity structure of society
- 33StigmaLike homelessness, is about power or lack thereof.
Might be a chronic status until the individual accumulates the resources necessary to break the cycle - 34Strategies of inclusion1. Forging friendships
2. Passing
3. Covering - 35Strategies of exclusion1. Verbal denigration
2. Physical posturing
3. Sexual posturing - 36Cult of thinnessA social formation that exists at the end of the twentieth century
Promotes and normalizes slenderness and it'd attendant anxieties - 37Beauty normsResponsible for producing high degrees of body dissatisfaction and a profound sense of body shame