Flowchart
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Flowchart: quantitative research statistics
Flowchart content
Measures of frequency
Measures of central tendency
MODE
MEDIAN
Is the score at the center of the distribution
It is the mist frequent score obtained by a particullar group of learners
MEAN
It is the arithmetic average
Measures of dispercion
STANDARD DERIVATION
It is a number
that shows how scores are spread around the mean
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
Describes the clusterings of scores/ behaviours, also known as a bell curve
STANDARDS SCORES
There are times when we want to compare an individual's performance on
different tests.
PROBABILITY
It
provides confidence in the claims that are being made about the analysis of
the data.
INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
the goal is to generalize beyond the results.
Prerequisites
two—standard error of the mean and standard error of the
difference between sample means
Degrees of Freedom
is the number of scores that are not fixed.
Critical Values
This is the value that we can use as a confidence measure to determine
whether our hypothesis can be substantiated.
One-Tailed Versus Two-Tailed Hypotheses
The former (those that predict
a difference in one direction) are known as one-tailed hypotheses and require
a different critical value than do the "neutral" or two-tailed hypotheses.
Parametric Versus Nonparametric Statistics
Parametric Statistics
t-tests
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Two-way ANOVA
Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).
Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)
Repeated Measures ANOVA
Nonparametric Tests
Chi Square (X2)
Mann-Whitney U/Wilcoxon Rank Sums
Kruskal-Wallis/Friedman
STATISTICAL TABLES
tables that can be consulted to
determine if your test results are significant
STRENGTH OF ASSOCIATION
There are times when we might want to determine how much of the variation
is actually due to the independent variable in question
ETA2 AND OMEGA2
goes beyond the fact that there is a significant difference
and gives us an indication of how much of the variability is due to our
independent variable
EFFECT SIZE
It is a measure that gives an indication of the strength of one's findings.
META-ANALYSES
To
make a meaningful comparison, effect sizes become the main comparative
tool.
ORRELATION
Correlational research attempts to determine the relationship
between or among variables; it does not determine causation.