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* For diagnosis such as in pregnancy tests

* in laboratories to measure the levels of hormones and other chemicals in blood,

or to detect pathogens

* in research to locate or identify specific molecules in a cell or tissue by binding

to them with a fluorescent dye

* to treat some diseases: for cancer the monoclonal antibody can be bound to a

radioactive substance, a toxic drug or a chemical which stops cells growing and

dividing. It delivers the substance to the cancer cells without harming other cells

in the body.