Space Technology | Defence Technology

* Lunar evacuation system assembly (LESA) by ESA for astronaut rescue system. LESA unable astronaut to lift their crewmate onto mobile stretcher in 10 mins.

Black hole - coined by American physicist John Archibald wheeler in mid 1960's.it is a point where the matter is so compressed as to create gravity field from which even light can not escape.

Supernova - is explosion of star n largest explosion takes place in space. It takes place when there is change in core or center of star.

* NASA's DRAGONFLY drone mission 2026-34 will fly to SATURN's largest moon Titan looking for prebiotic chemical (common to both Earth n Titan) Shangri la dunes, Organic dunes and Investigate atmospheric and surface properties

* Ploonets (Planet +Moons) – new class of celestial objects which are orphaned moons that have escaped the bond of their planetary parents due to escaping gravitational pull of parent planet as per study through computer model.

Scientists think these objects should exist in solitary orbits around their host stars and could even be discovered in observations from past and present exoplanet-hunting surveys, like Kepler and TESS.

* Chandrayan is using Unsymetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine along with oxidizer Nitrogen tetroxide and called dirty combination.

Elsewhere in the world Kerosene or liquid methane is used which is cleaner n greener (that requires cryogenic engine to keep the methane liquid and extremely low temp).

* Bhabha Kavach (6.6 kg) developed by Defence organizations like Ordnance Factory Board and Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI). Expo was organized by Nexgen Exhibition in New delhi.

built from layers of high-density, high-tenacity polyethylene, which are fused together at high temperatures to form a thick, hard armour plate, which is then sprayed with BARC’s carbon nanomaterial.

The material used in the jacket are hard boron carbide ceramics, carbon nano-tubes and composite polymer (polymer made up of two or other types of polymer).

* ISRO currently prefers to use a fuel called Unsymmetrical Di-Methyl Hydrazine, along with Nitrogen tetroxide for oxidiser, in its liquid fuel engines which is highly carcinogenic. Now it is proposed to use methane which is non toxic n higher specific impulse. Only disadvantage is that it has to use igniter for burning the fuel whereas hydrazine automatically fires after coming in contact with Oxygen.

* Def challenge 2019 - to showcase the occomplishment of iDEX works under Defense innovation organisation (funded by HAL & BEL)

It has launched iDEX portal and Defence India startup challenge III (DISC III) ( III = challenge from navy, army n airforce)

Focuses on indianization and Innovation with support of Atal innovation mission.

* ISRO’s weather satellites INSAT-3D (launched 2013) & 3DR (launched in 2016), is being used to monitor Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). It gives whether report every 15 mins.

It is used to monitor PM2.5 n PM10 which is high in India gangetic plain due to stubble burning.

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